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Smolt Transformation: Evolution, Behavior, and Physiology
Abstract
Literature concerned with the appearance of smolts (silvery color, streamlined body form), their physiology (salinity relationships, endocrinology), and their behavior (territorial and schooling) is discussed in relation to key steps that may have been taken in the evolution of the parr–smolt transformation and seagoing behavior. In this discussion, it is assumed that Salmonidae evolved in fresh water, that the genus Oncorhynchus originated in a large area of brackish water such as the Sea of Japan, and that schooling oncorhynchids (for example O. gorbuscha and O. keta) are the most specialized of the seagoing salmonids while species of char (Salvelinus) and trout (Salmo) are more primitive.
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Citations
Cited by
Bianco, A. C., Salvatore, D., Gereben, B., Berry, M. J., & Larsen, P. R. (2002) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/edrv.23.1.0455 · Cited by 1,853
Homing in Pacific Salmon: Mechanisms and Ecological Basis
Dittman, A. H., & Quinn, T. P. (1996) · Journal of Experimental Biology · doi:10.1242/jeb.199.1.83 · Cited by 651
Migration: The Biology of Life on the Move
Dingle, H. (2014) · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199640386.001.0001 · Cited by 455
Thorpe, J. E., Mangel, M., Metcalfe, N. B., & Huntingford, F. A. (1998) · Evolutionary Ecology · doi:10.1023/a:1022351814644 · Cited by 422
Thyroid hormone induces metamorphosis of flounder larvae
Inui, Y., & Miwa, S. (1985) · General and Comparative Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/0016-6480(85)90080-2 · Cited by 290
Metadata
- Authors
- Hoar, W. S.
- Venue
- Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada
- Publisher
- Canadian Science Publishing
- Published
- 1976-05-01
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1233-1252
- ISSN
- 0015-296X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2062988631
- Cited by
- 571
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 12.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Smolt Transformation: Evolution, Behavior, and Physiology. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1139/f76-158
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- Hoar, W. S. (1976). Smolt Transformation: Evolution, Behavior, and Physiology. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. https://doi.org/10.1139/f76-158
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Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
