The DOI matches its Crossref record.
THE EFFECT OF WIND AND MOISTURE ON HEAT LOSS THROUGH THE FUR OF NEWBORN CARIBOU
Abstract
The effects of air velocity and direction and of wetness on rate of heat transfer were studied in tests with samples of fur from five caribou calves. The rate of heat transfer through this fur increased by a factor of two to three with increase in air velocity from a negligible level (natural convection) to 23 m/second (direction parallel to sample). The effect of air velocity varied markedly (up to ±50% at 23 m/second) with inclination of the sample to the direction of air movement. Spraying water on the fur increased its rate of heat transfer markedly; addition of water equivalent to 10–12% of the volume of the fur doubled the rate of heat transfer. Other factors, such as erectness of the fur, direction of the hairs or "grain" of the fur with respect to the direction of air movement, and wetness of the skin also affected heat transfer. Differences between samples were large and did not appear to depend directly on the physical characteristics measured.
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Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Wind decreases the insulation value of animal fur as the wind velocity increases.”
From Effect of wind on Svalbard reindeer fur insulation (2002) · cites this paper as Lentz & Hart, 1960
In the citing paper
“For furs, increas¬ ing wind velocity affects more than just the mean surface coefficient of heat transfer in the boundary layer, but also the boundary layer itself by flatten¬ ing, buffeting, and forced convection through the outer portions of the fur reducing the effective fur depth (Lentz & Hart, 1960).”
From Effect of wind on Svalbard reindeer fur insulation (2002) · cites this paper as Lentz & Hart, 1960
In the citing paper
“Tregear (1965), and Lentz & Hart (I960), observed non-linear relationships,”
From Effect of wind on Svalbard reindeer fur insulation (2002) · cites this paper as Lentz & Hart, 1960
In the citing paper
“According to Campbell et al. (1980) and Lentz & Hart (1960), the relationship of the mean surface coefficient for heat transfer, 4 , to wind velocity may be written as:”
From Effect of wind on Svalbard reindeer fur insulation (2002) · cites this paper as Lentz & Hart (1960)
Citations
Cites
No references could be resolved yet.
Research works printed but not linked: 6
- FINCK J. L, Standards J. Research, 5, 975
- HAHMEL H.T., 1955, Am.J. T'hysiol., 182, 21
- HART J. S, Can. J. Znol., 34, 53, 10.1139/z56-007 · DOI · Paper page
- JESPERSEK H. B, Illst. HeatirgI-entilating Rngw. Lonclon, 21, 157
- SCHOLANDER P. F., 1950, Biol. Bull., 99, 225, 10.2307/1538740 · DOI
- VERSCHOOR J. D., 1952, Trans. Am. Soc. Mech. Engrs., 74, 961, 10.1115/1.4015979 · DOI
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The structure and insulation properties of the reindeer fur
Timisjärvi, J., Nieminen, M., & Sippola, A.-L. (1984) · Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology · doi:10.1016/0300-9629(84)90456-0 · Cited by 42
Effect of wind on Svalbard reindeer fur insulation
Cuyler, C., & Øritsland, N. A. (2002) · Rangifer · doi:10.7557/2.22.1.694 · Cited by 23
Metadata
- Authors
- Lentz, C. P., & Hart, J. S.
- Venue
- Canadian Journal of Zoology
- Publisher
- Canadian Science Publishing
- Published
- 1960-08-01
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 679-688
- ISSN
- 0008-4301 (ISSN-L)
- 1480-3283
- OpenAlex
- W2142796546
- Cited by
- 58
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 2.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Canadian Journal of Zoology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Effects of Environmental Stressors on Livestock
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Polymers and Plastics › Textile materials and evaluations
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Thermoregulation and physiological responses
- Keywords
- reindeer, heat loss, fur, wind speed, moisture, wetness, heat transfer, neonatal calves, insulation, skin wetness, natural convection
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: THE EFFECT OF WIND AND MOISTURE ON HEAT LOSS THROUGH THE FUR OF NEWBORN CARIBOU. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1139/z60-071
- The paper
- Lentz, C. P., & Hart, J. S. (1960). THE EFFECT OF WIND AND MOISTURE ON HEAT LOSS THROUGH THE FUR OF NEWBORN CARIBOU. Canadian Journal of Zoology. https://doi.org/10.1139/z60-071
