Asymptotically flat black holes with scalar hair: A review
Open accessAbstract
We consider the status of black hole (BH) solutions with nontrivial scalar fields but no gauge fields, in four-dimensional asymptotically flat spacetimes, reviewing both classical results and recent developments. We start by providing a simple illustration on the physical difference between BHs in electro-vacuum and scalar-vacuum. Next, we review no-scalar-hair theorems. In particular, we detail an influential theorem by Bekenstein and stress three key assumptions: (1) The type of scalar field equation; (2) the spacetime symmetry inheritance by the scalar field and (3) an energy condition. Then, we list regular (on and outside the horizon), asymptotically flat BH solutions with scalar hair, organizing them by the assumption which is violated in each case and distinguishing primary from secondary hair. We provide a table summary of the state-of-the-art.
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Kerr black holes with scalar hair interpolate between Kerr black holes and rotating Bose stars.
“Included in these configurations are Kerr black holes with scalar hair, which interpolate between Kerr black holes and rotating Bose stars [46].”
From Gravitational memory and compact extra dimensions (2022) · cites this paper as [46]
Cites
Generalized G-Inflation: --Inflation with the Most General Second-Order Field Equations--
Kobayashi, T., Yamaguchi, M., & Yokoyama, J. (2011) · Progress of Theoretical Physics · doi:10.1143/ptp.126.511 · Cited by 1,248 · see citing works
Callan, C. G., Giddings, S. B., Harvey, J. A., & Strominger, A. (1992) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.45.r1005 · Cited by 1,131 · see citing works
Black holes in the Brans-Dicke: Theory of gravitation
Hawking, S. W. (1972) · Communications in Mathematical Physics · doi:10.1007/bf01877518 · Cited by 433 · see citing works
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Gravitational memory and compact extra dimensions
Ferko, C., Satishchandran, G., & Sethi, S. (2022) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.105.024072 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
- Authors
- Herdeiro, C. A. R., & Radu, E.
- Affiliations
- University of Aveiro (PT)
- Venue
- International Journal of Modern Physics D
- Publisher
- World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd
- Published
- 2015-07-31
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 09
- Pages
- 1542014
- ISSN
- 0218-2718 (ISSN-L)
- 1793-6594
- OpenAlex
- W2132982670
- Cited by
- 729
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 65 · 2025: 75 · 2024: 73 · 2023: 61 · 2022: 60 · 2021: 57 · 2020: 82 · 2019: 70 · 2018: 66 · 2017: 52 · 2016: 49 · 2015: 17 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 27.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Locations
- International Journal of Modern Physics D (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Funders
- Center for Research and Development in Mathematics and Applications (UID/MAT/04106/2013)
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (PTDC/FIS/116625/2010, UID/MAT/04106/2013, 04106, FP7-PEOPLE-2011)
- FP7 People: Marie-Curie Actions (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IRSES)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Black Holes and Theoretical Physics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
- Keywords
- black holes, scalar hair, asymptotically flat spacetimes, no-hair theorem, scalar field equation, energy conditions, four-dimensional black holes
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