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Most Tensor Problems Are NP-Hard

Hillar, Christopher J., Lim, Lek-Heng·2013·Journal of the ACM

Abstract

We prove that multilinear (tensor) analogues of many efficiently computable problems in numerical linear algebra are NP-hard. Our list includes: determining the feasibility of a system of bilinear equations, deciding whether a 3-tensor possesses a given eigenvalue, singular value, or spectral norm; approximating an eigenvalue, eigenvector, singular vector, or the spectral norm; and determining the rank or best rank-1 approximation of a 3-tensor. Furthermore, we show that restricting these problems to symmetric tensors does not alleviate their NP-hardness. We also explain how deciding nonnegative definiteness of a symmetric 4-tensor is NP-hard and how computing the combinatorial hyperdeterminant is NP-, #P-, and VNP-hard.

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Metadata

Authors
Hillar, C. J., & Lim, L.-H.
Venue
Journal of the ACM
Published
2013-11
Volume
60
Issue
6
Pages
1-39
ISSN
  • 0004-5411 (ISSN-L)
  • 1557-735X
OpenAlex
W2079705627
Cited by
1,099
References
16
FWCI
16.25
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Most Tensor Problems Are NP-Hard. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1145/2512329
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Hillar, C. J., & Lim, L.-H. (2013). Most Tensor Problems Are NP-Hard. Journal of the ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/2512329

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