The DOI matches its Crossref record.
The MovieLens Datasets: History and Context
Abstract
The MovieLens datasets are widely used in education, research, and industry. They are downloaded hundreds of thousands of times each year, reflecting their use in popular press programming books, traditional and online courses, and software. These datasets are a product of member activity in the MovieLens movie recommendation system, an active research platform that has hosted many experiments since its launch in 1997. This article documents the history of MovieLens and the MovieLens datasets. We include a discussion of lessons learned from running a long-standing, live research platform from the perspective of a research organization. We document best practices and limitations of using the MovieLens datasets in new research.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
Deep Interest Network for Click-Through Rate Prediction
Zhou, G., Zhu, X., Song, C., Fan, Y., Zhu, H., Ma, X., Yan, Y., Jin, J., Li, H., & Gai, K. (2018) · Proceedings of the 24th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery & Data Mining · doi:10.1145/3219819.3219823 · Cited by 2,128
Machine Learning Testing: Survey, Landscapes and Horizons
Zhang, J. M., Harman, M., Ma, L., & Liu, Y. (2022) · IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering · doi:10.1109/tse.2019.2962027 · Cited by 897
Abdulrahman, S., Tout, H., Ould-Slimane, H., Mourad, A., Talhi, C., & Guizani, M. (2021) · IEEE Internet of Things Journal · doi:10.1109/jiot.2020.3030072 · Cited by 796
Decentralized federated learning: Fundamentals, state of the art, frameworks, trends, and challenges
Martínez Beltrán, E. T., Pérez, M. Q., Sánchez, P. M. S., Bernal, S. L., Bovet, G., Pérez, M. G., Pérez, G. M., & Celdrán, A. H. (2023) · IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials · doi:10.1109/comst.2023.3315746 · Cited by 625
“[20] 2020 Proactive caching scheme where vehicles are trained from sparse data, mitigating privacy risks Cross-device Decentralized Real CF-VAE FedAvg Asynchronous Random MovieLens [195]”
MethodBeyond the Imitation Game: Quantifying and extrapolating the capabilities of language models
Srivastava, A., Rastogi, A., Rao, A., Shoeb, A. A. M., Abid, A., Fisch, A., Brown, A. R., Santoro, A., Gupta, A., Garriga-Alonso, A., et al. (2022) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2206.04615 · Cited by 569
Metadata
- Authors
- Harper, F. M., & Konstan, J. A.
- Venue
- ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems
- Published
- 2015-12-22
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1-19
- ISSN
- 2160-6455 (ISSN-L)
- 2160-6463
- OpenAlex
- W2219888463
- Cited by
- 3,907
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 572.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The MovieLens Datasets: History and Context. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1145/2827872
- The paper
- Harper, F. M., & Konstan, J. A. (2016). The MovieLens Datasets: History and Context. ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems. https://doi.org/10.1145/2827872
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.