The DOI matches its Crossref record.
The design and evaluation of a high-performance soft keyboard
Open accessAbstract
The design and evaluation of a high performance soft keyboard for mobile systems are described. Using a model to predict the upper-bound text entry rate for soft keyboards, we designed a keyboard layout with a predicted upper-bound entry rate of 58.2 wpm. This is about 35% faster than the predicted rate for a QWERTY layout. We compared our design (OPTI) with a QWERTY layout in a longitudinal evaluation using five participants and 20 45-minute sessions of text entry. Average entry rates for OPT1 increased from 17.0 wpm initially to 44.3 wpm at session 20. The average rates exceeded those for the QWERTY layout after the 10 session (about 4 hours of practice). A regression equation (R = .997) in the form of the power-law of learning predicts that our upper-bound prediction would be reach at about session 50.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
Phrase sets for evaluating text entry techniques
MacKenzie, I. S., & Soukoreff, R. W. (2003) · CHI '03 extended abstracts on Human factors in computing systems - CHI '03 · doi:10.1145/765891.765971 · Cited by 825
Self-citationChallenges, Methodologies, and Issues in the Usability Testing of Mobile Applications
Zhang, D., & Adipat, B. (2005) · International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1207/s15327590ijhc1803_3 · Cited by 613
Shorthand writing on stylus keyboard
Zhai, S., & Kristensson, P.-O. (2003) · Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/642611.642630 · Cited by 371
ZoomBoard: a diminutive qwerty soft keyboard using iterative zooming for ultra-small devices
Oney, S., Harrison, C., Ogan, A., & Wiese, J. (2013) · Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/2470654.2481387 · Cited by 218
Analyzing the input stream for character- level errors in unconstrained text entry evaluations
Wobbrock, J. O., & Myers, B. A. (2006) · ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction · doi:10.1145/1188816.1188819 · Cited by 200
Metadata
- Authors
- MacKenzie, I. S., & Zhang, S. X.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems the CHI is the limit - CHI '99
- Publisher
- ACM Press
- Published
- 1999
- Pages
- 25-31
- OpenAlex
- W2125904902
- Cited by
- 422
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 11.00
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The design and evaluation of a high-performance soft keyboard. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1145/302979.302983
- The paper
- MacKenzie, I. S., & Zhang, S. X. (1999). The design and evaluation of a high-performance soft keyboard. Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems the CHI is the limit - CHI '99. https://doi.org/10.1145/302979.302983
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
