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A Survey of Physics-Based Attack Detection in Cyber-Physical Systems
Open accessAbstract
Monitoring the "physics" of cyber-physical systems to detect attacks is a growing area of research. In its basic form a security monitor creates time-series models of sensor readings for an industrial control system and identifies anomalies in these measurements in order to identify potentially false control commands or false sensor readings. In this paper, we review previous work on physics-based anomaly detection based on a unified taxonomy that allows us to identify limitations and unexplored challenges, and propose new solutions.
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“The focus of most of the surveys for CPS is on security and privacy (e.g., [84,85,93,96,102,112,113,119,124]).”
From A Systematic Review of Data Quality in CPS and IoT for Industry 4.0 (2023) · cites this paper as [85]
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“Unfortunately, IoT devices and networks are known to be highly vulnerable to security attacks that target data integrity and service availability.”
From Deep learning-enabled anomaly detection for IoT systems (2023) · cites this paper as [6]
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Storm, J.-M., Houmb, S. H., Kaliyar, P., Erdődi, L., & Hagen, J. M. (2023) · Electronics · doi:10.3390/electronics13010060 · Cited by 6
Deng, Y., Yu, H., & Li, Y. (2024) · IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security · doi:10.1109/tifs.2024.3427005 · Cited by 6
Resilient Consensus-Based Target Tracking Under False Data Injection Attacks in Multi-Agent Networks
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Castiglioni, V., Ruggero Lanotte, A., Loreti, M., & Tini, S. (2025) · International Journal on Software Tools for Technology Transfer · doi:10.1007/s10009-025-00826-w · Cited by 6
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Tiny Twins for detecting cyber-attacks at runtime using concise Rebeca time transition system
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Yang, B., Yang, H., & Ye, J. (2024) · IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/jestpe.2024.3366089 · Cited by 6
Almost sure detection of the presence of malicious components in cyber–physical systems
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Li, H., & Li, M. (2020) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0234068 · Cited by 6
RetractedForensic Investigation of Industrial Control Systems Using Deterministic Replay
Walkup, G., Etigowni, S., Xu, D., Urias, V. E., & Han, L. (2020) · IEEE Conference on Communications and Network Security · doi:10.1109/cns48642.2020.9162232 · Cited by 6
Metadata
- Authors
- Giraldo, J., Urbina, D., Cardenas, A., Valente, J., Faisal, M., Ruths, J., Tippenhauer, N. O., Sandberg, H., & Candell, R.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas at Dallas (US)
- University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, USA
- Singapore University of Technology and Design (SG)
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology (SE)
- National Institute of Standards and Technology (US)
- Venue
- ACM Computing Surveys
- Published
- 2018-07-25
- Volume
- 51
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1-36
- ISSN
- 0360-0300 (ISSN-L)
- 1557-7341
- PMC
- PMC6512826
- OpenAlex
- W2803355698
- Cited by
- 535
- References
- 112
- Citations by year
- 2026: 33 · 2025: 54 · 2024: 52 · 2023: 65 · 2022: 80 · 2021: 125 · 2020: 82 · 2019: 43 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 38.84
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- ACM Computing Surveys (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- NRF Singapore (NRF2014NCRNCR001-40)
- Swedish Research Council (2013-5523)
- NIST (70NANB16H019 and 70NANB17H282)
- NSF (CNS-1553683 and CNS-1718848)
- Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Control and Systems Engineering › Smart Grid Security and Resilience
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Networks and Communications › Network Security and Intrusion Detection
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Control and Systems Engineering › Fault Detection and Control Systems
- Keywords
- cyber-physical systems, attack detection, industrial control systems, sensor readings, time series models, security monitoring
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