Collusion rings threaten the integrity of computer science research
Abstract
Experiences discovering attempts to subvert the peer-review process.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Dishonest behavior is a prominent problem in reviews of papers that they were unable to study in the context of reviewing reviews.
“There is one prominent problem which exists in reviews of papers which we are unable to study in the context of reviewing reviews—dishonest behavior.”
From Peer reviews of peer reviews: A randomized controlled trial and other experiments (2025) · cites this paper as [45]
Collusion rings have become a topic of grave concern because of recent reports of their increasing prevalence at major computer science conferences.
“Collusion rings have become a topic of grave concern because of recent reports of their increasing prevalence at major computer science conferences (Vijaykumar, 2020; Littman, 2021).”
From What Can Natural Language Processing Do for Peer Review? (2024) · cites this paper as Littman, 2021
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Challenges, experiments, and computational solutions in peer review
Shah, N. B. (2022) · Communications of the ACM · doi:10.1145/3528086 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
ReviewerGPT? An Exploratory Study on Using Large Language Models for Paper Reviewing
Liu, R., & Shah, N. B. (2023) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2306.00622 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Peer reviews of peer reviews: A randomized controlled trial and other experiments
Goldberg, A., Stelmakh, I., Cho, K., Oh, A., Agarwal, A., Belgrave, D., & Shah, N. B. (2025) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0320444 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
“A second form of dishonest behavior that has gained significant importance recently is that of collusion rings [Vij20, Lit21, JZL + 20].”
What Can Natural Language Processing Do for Peer Review?
Kuznetsov, I., Afzal, O. M., Dercksen, K., Dycke, N., Goldberg, A., Hope, T., Hovy, D., Kummerfeld, J. K., Lauscher, A., Leyton-Brown, K., et al. (2024) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2405.06563 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Stop Automating Peer Review Without Rigorous Evaluation
Baumann, J., Pei, J., Koyejo, S., & Hovy, D. (2026) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.03202
“To verify that score increases reflect score gaming rather than genuine quality improvements, we analyzed word-level changes across all 60 laundered papers (Table 5 in Appendix E for details).”
- Authors
- Littman, M. L.
- Affiliations
- Brown University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Littman, Michael L.
- ORCID
- Littman, Michael L.
- Venue
- Communications of the ACM
- Published
- 2021-05-24
- Volume
- 64
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 43-44
- ISSN
- 0001-0782 (ISSN-L)
- 1557-7317
- OpenAlex
- W3164964801
- Cited by
- 29
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 5 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 9
- FWCI
- 7.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Communications of the ACM (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Safety Research › Academic integrity and plagiarism
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Information Systems and Management › Academic Publishing and Open Access
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History and Philosophy of Science › Publishing and Scholarly Communication
- Keywords
- research integrity, peer review, plagiarism, academic misconduct, computer science research, research ethics
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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