What Makes It Mine? Exploring Psychological Ownership over Human-AI Co-Creations
Abstract
As generative AI (GenAI) rapidly evolves, human-AI collaboration emerges as a prevalent new working style. However, within this collaborative pipeline, multiple stakeholders are involved besides the user and the system itself, raising controversy around ownership over co-creations. In this paper, we explored everyday users’ sense of ownership toward human-AI co-creation, aiming to provide insights for practitioners on future GenAI design to enhance user experience. We identify three primary factors associated with people’s perception of psychological ownership towards human-AI co-creation and systematically analyze individuals’ approaches to assessing these factors. The findings serve to inform strategies for facilitating an appropriate sense of ownership for productive and safe usage of GenAI tools.
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Xu et al. surfaced the themes of involvement, sense of infringement, and notion of legal agreements as most relevant in developing a sense of ownership.
“Through a thematic analysis of Human-AI co-creation discussion threads on reddit, Xu et al. [140] surfaced the themes of involvement, sense of infringement, and notion of legal agreements as most relevant in developing a sense of ownership.”
From Co-Writing with AI, on Human Terms: Aligning Research with User Demands Across the Writing Process (2025) · cites this paper as [140]
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References 39 · Cited by 26
- Authors
- Xu, Y., Cheng, M., & Kuzminykh, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Venue
- Graphics Interface
- Publisher
- ACM
- Published
- 2024-06-03
- Pages
- 1-8
- OpenAlex
- W4402722159
- Cited by
- 26
- References
- 39
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 7
- FWCI
- 8.29
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Graphics Interface (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- SSHRC (Insight Development Grant Operationalizing the sense of ownership over digital possessions)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Human-Computer Interaction › Innovative Human-Technology Interaction
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design › Digital Media and Visual Art
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Human-Computer Interaction › Usability and User Interface Design
- Keywords
- psychological ownership, human-AI co-creation, generative AI, human-AI collaboration, stakeholder ownership, AI tool design, user experience, generative AI safety
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