Biogenesis, Secretion, and Intercellular Interactions of Exosomes and Other Extracellular Vesicles
Abstract
In the 1980s, exosomes were described as vesicles of endosomal origin secreted from reticulocytes. Interest increased around these extracellular vesicles, as they appeared to participate in several cellular processes. Exosomes bear proteins, lipids, and RNAs, mediating intercellular communication between different cell types in the body, and thus affecting normal and pathological conditions. Only recently, scientists acknowledged the difficulty of separating exosomes from other types of extracellular vesicles, which precludes a clear attribution of a particular function to the different types of secreted vesicles. To shed light into this complex but expanding field of science, this review focuses on the definition of exosomes and other secreted extracellular vesicles. Their biogenesis, their secretion, and their subsequent fate are discussed, as their functions rely on these important processes.
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Apoptotic bodies are generated during cell apoptosis with the process of plasma membrane budding and fragmentation.
“Apoptotic bodies are generated during cell apoptosis with the process of plasma membrane budding and fragmentation [122].”
From Extracellular vesicles as nanotheranostic platforms for targeted neurological disorder interventions (2024) · cites this paper as [122]
Exosomes are derived from the endosomal system of cells, encapsulating specific components of the source cells without containing intact organelles such as nuclei, mitochondria, or endoplasmic reticulum.
“Exosomes are derived from the endosomal system of cells, encapsulating specific components of the source cells without containing intact organelles such as nuclei, mitochondria, or endoplasmic reticulum [52].”
From Hydrogel scaffold encapsulating MSC-Exos and ZIF-8 promotes bone regeneration via coordinating osteogenesis and immunomodulation (2025) · cites this paper as [52]
Exosomes are small membrane vesicles that originate from inward budding of endosomal membranes.
“Exosomes are small membrane vesicles that originate from the inward budding of endosomal membranes10.”
From Neurons secrete miR-132-containing exosomes to regulate brain vascular integrity (2017) · cites this paper as [10]
EVs are ubiquitous lipidic organelles that mediate the intercellular transfer of information through their cargo, which includes both proteins and nucleic acids.
“EVs are ubiquitous lipidic organelles that mediate the intercellular transfer of information through their cargo, which includes both proteins and nucleic acids.36”
From Bone remodeling: an operational process ensuring survival and bone mechanical competence (2022) · cites this paper as [36]
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References 220 · Cited by 6,186
- Authors
- Colombo, M., Raposo, G., & Théry, C.
- Affiliations
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Inserm (FR)
- Venue
- Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2014-10-11
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 255-289
- ISSN
- 1081-0706 (ISSN-L)
- 1530-8995
- OpenAlex
- W2098259366
- Cited by
- 6,186
- References
- 220
- Citations by year
- 2026: 366 · 2025: 525 · 2024: 657 · 2023: 625 · 2022: 741 · 2021: 784 · 2020: 752 · 2019: 548 · 2018: 437 · 2017: 367 · 2016: 269 · 2015: 105 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 23.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Extracellular vesicles in disease
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular transport and secretion
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Caveolin-1 and cellular processes
- Keywords
- exosomes, extracellular vesicles, exosome biogenesis, vesicle secretion, intercellular communication, reticulocytes, extracellular RNA, vesicle isolation
- MeSH terms
- Animals, B-Lymphocytes, Biological Transport, Cell Communication, Centrifugation, Density Gradient, Cytological Techniques, Eukaryotic Cells, Humans, Membrane Fusion, Membrane Lipids, Membrane Proteins, Neoplasms, Prokaryotic Cells, Endosomes, Reticulocytes, RNA, Messenger, rab GTP-Binding Proteins, Transport Vesicles, MicroRNAs, Extracellular Fluid, SNARE Proteins, Cell-Derived Microparticles, Exosomes
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