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Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropies
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▪ Abstract Cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature anisotropies have and will continue to revolutionize our understanding of cosmology. The recent discovery of the previously predicted acoustic peaks in the power spectrum has established a working cosmological model: a critical density universe consisting of mainly dark matter and dark energy, which formed its structure through gravitational instability from quantum fluctuations during an inflationary epoch. Future observations should test this model and measure its key cosmological parameters with unprecedented precision. The phenomenology and cosmological implications of the acoustic peaks are developed in detail. Beyond the peaks, the yet to be detected secondary anisotropies and polarization present opportunities to study the physics of inflation and the dark energy. The analysis techniques devised to extract cosmological information from voluminous CMB data sets are outlined, given their increasing importance in experimental cosmology as a whole.
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“Analysis of the WMAP data puts very strongly pressure on the simple monomial w ( χ ) = G 4 χ 4 at the 3 σ level[18, 40]”
From Phase Transitions in the Early and Present Universe (2006) · cites this paper as [40]
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Hybrid star model in Tolman-Buchdahl metric potentials with coupled dark energy and baryonic matter
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Caloni, L., Giardiello, S., Lembo, M., Gerbino, M., Gubitosi, G., Lattanzi, M., & Pagano, L. (2023) · Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics · doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2023/03/018 · Cited by 28
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Carbone, C., Baccigalupi, C., Bartelmann, M., Matarrese, S., & Springel, V. (2009) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.14746.x · Cited by 28
“…polarization represents the imprints left from the primordial gravitational waves (GWs) on the CMB (Hu et al. 1998; Kamionkowski & Kosowsky 1999; Hu & Dodelson 2002): if initial fluctuations are created very early, e.g. during inflation so that the vector growth is damped, primary B-modes are…”
BackgroundGuachalla, B. R., Schaan, E., Hadzhiyska, B., Ferraro, S., Aguilar, J., Ahlen, S. P., Battaglia, N., Bianchi, D., Bond, J. R., Brooks, D., et al. (2025) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/lqbj-wcqj · Cited by 27
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Discovery prospects with the Dark-photons & Axion-Like particles Interferometer
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“Evidences of dark matter (DM) have been accumulated from different astrophysical observations like rotation curves of galaxies in galaxy cluster [1, 2], collisions of galaxy clusters as in bullet cluster [3], cosmological observations like anisotropy of cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR)[4] in WMAP [5, 6] or…”
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BackgroundProbing the Neutrino Mass Hierarchy beyond ΛCDM Model
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“Meanwhile, both precise measurements of Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) [4] and Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) anisotropy [5] support the existence of an excess of baryonic matter over anti-baryonic matter.”
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“We briefly review the effects here though they are all discussed at length in the review by Hu & Dodelson (2002).”
BackgroundStochastic gravitational wave background from cold dark matter halos
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“Numerous experimental observations at wide range of length scales [1–3], have indicated that about 80% of total matter density is dominated by Dark matter (DM) [4, 5], although we know very little about it.”
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Susperregi, M. (2003) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.68.123509 · Cited by 18
PEAKS IN THE CMBR POWER SPECTRUM II: PHYSICAL INTERPRETATION FOR ANY COSMOLOGICAL SCENARIO
López-Corredoira, M. (2013) · International Journal of Modern Physics D · doi:10.1142/s0218271813500326 · Cited by 19
Chu, M., & Knox, L. (2004) · CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) · Cited by 18
Evolution of the cosmic microwave background
Zibin, J. P., Moss, A., & Scott, D. (2007) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.76.123010 · Cited by 23
COBEDMR–normalized Dark Energy Cosmogony
Mukherjee, P., Banday, A. J., Riazuelo, A., Gorski, K. M., & Ratra, B. (2003) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/378951 · Cited by 18
“1 and 2 are a consequence of the interplay between the “usual” (fiducial CDM) Sachs-Wolfe term and the “integrated” Sachs-Wolfe term in the expression for the CMB spatial anisotropy (see, e.g., Hu & Dodelson 2002 for a review).”
BackgroundLensed CMB temperature and polarization maps from the Millennium SimulationPreprint
Carbone, C., Baccigalupi, C., Bartelmann, M., Matarrese, S., & Springel, V. (2009) · Cited by 18
Leptogenesis from Soft Supersymmetry Breaking (Soft LeptogenesisPreprint
Fong, C. S., González-García, M. C., & Nardi, E. (2016) · Cited by 18
The Milky Way, coming into focus: Precision astrometry probes its evolution and its dark matter
Gardner, S. V., McDermott, S. D., & Yanny, B. (2021) · Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics · doi:10.1016/j.ppnp.2021.103904 · Cited by 21
Magi, M., & Yoo, J. (2022) · Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics · doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2022/09/071 · Cited by 17
Effective theories with dark matter applications
Bhattacharya, S., & Wudka, J. (2021) · International Journal of Modern Physics D · doi:10.1142/s0218271821300044 · Cited by 17
High-impedance NbSi TES sensors for studying the cosmic microwave background radiation
Nones, C., Marnieros, S., Benoit, A. D., Bergé, L., Bideaud, A., Camus, P., Dumoulin, L., Monfardini, A., & Rigaut, O. (2012) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201218834 · Cited by 17
“These were joined in 2003 by the first results from NASA’s Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) (Hu & Dodelson 2002), which were improved upon by analysis of the three-year and five-year WMAP data (Smoot et al. 1992; Bennett et al. 2003).”
MethodVavryčuk, V. (2018) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/sty974 · Cited by 17
“Based on the interpretation of the CMB polarization as a product of the Thomson scattering (Hu & White 1997; Hu & Dodelson 2002), the reionization as a sudden event is predicted at z ∼ 11 (Dunkley et al. 2009; Jarosik et al. 2011).”
BackgroundMethodTesting alternative theories of dark matter with the CMB
Li, B., Barrow, J. D., Mota, D. F., & Zhao, H. (2008) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.78.064021 · Cited by 17
A Philosophical Approach to MOND: Assessing the Milgromian Research Program in CosmologyPreprint
Merritt, D. R. (2020) · PhilSci-Archive (University of Pittsburgh) · doi:10.1017/9781108610926 · Cited by 16
New insights on a sign-switching Λ
Soriano, J. F., Wohlberg, S., & Anchordoqui, L. A. (2025) · Physics of the Dark Universe · doi:10.1016/j.dark.2025.101911 · Cited by 16
Consistent cosmic microwave background spectra from quantum depletion
Roberto Casadio, A., Kühnel, F., & Orlandi, A. (2015) · Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics · doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2015/09/002 · Cited by 16
Detectability of nontrivial topologies
Kunz, M., Aghanim, N., Riazuelo, A., & Forni, O. (2008) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.77.023525 · Cited by 15
Small-scale cosmic microwave background polarization from reionization
Baumann, D., Cooray, A. R., & Kamionkowski, M. (2003) · New Astronomy · doi:10.1016/s1384-1076(03)00050-2 · Cited by 16
A Map of the Cosmic Microwave Background from the BEAST Experiment
Meinhold, P., Bersanelli, M., Childers, J. D., Figueiredo, N., Gaier, T., Halevi, D., Huey, G. G., Kangas, M., Lawrence, C. R., Levy, A. R., et al. (2005) · The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series · doi:10.1086/429088 · Cited by 16
The effect of reionization on the cosmic microwave background-density correlation
Giannantonio, T., & Crittenden, R. (2007) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2007.12282.x · Cited by 17
Dark Energy Coupled with Dark Matter in the Accelerating Universe
Zhang, Y. (2004) · Chinese Physics Letters · doi:10.1088/0256-307x/21/6/057 · Cited by 16
Relativistic models and the expanding universe
Realdi, M. (2019) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198817666.013.3 · Cited by 15
Kinetic theory of fermions in curved spacetime
Fidler, C., & Pitrou, C. (2017) · Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics · doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2017/06/013 · Cited by 15
“This approach has already been investigated in detail for polarised bosons and provides the basis for the computation of the cosmic microwave background [12, 13].”
BackgroundConstraints on effective field theory couplings using 311.2 days of LUX data
Akerib, D. S., Alsum, S., Araújo, H. M., Bai, X., Balajthy, J., Bang, J., Baxter, A., Bernard, E. P., Bernstein, A., Biesiadzinski, T. P., et al. (2021) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/physrevd.104.062005 · Cited by 15
Implementation of a Fourier matched filter in CMB analyses
Hernández-Monteagudo, C. (2008) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200809871 · Cited by 16
“…intrinsic intensityand polarization anisotropies (and hence auto-correlation tests must be conducted in order to compare theory to observations, see Hu & Dodelson(2002) for a review), but also due to the presence of secondary anisotropies and foreground emission that add up to the measurements in…”
BackgroundTarget neutrino mass precision for determining the neutrino hierarchy
Mahony, C., Leistedt, B., Peiris, H. V., Braden, J., Joachimi, B., Korn, A., Cremonesi, L., & Nichol, R. J. (2020) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/physrevd.101.083513 · Cited by 15
Anisotropies of the cosmic microwave background
Bersanelli, M., Maino, D., & MENNELLA, A. (2002) · Rivista Del Nuovo Cimento · doi:10.1007/bf03548912 · Cited by 16
Recombination induced softening and reheating of the cosmic plasma
Leung, P. K., Chan, C. W., & Chu, M. C. (2004) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.07524.x · Cited by 15
A Field Theory with Curvature and Anticurvature
Wanas, M. I., & Kamal, M. M. (2014) · Advances in High Energy Physics · doi:10.1155/2014/687103 · Cited by 14
“Recently it is shown that GR cannot account for the results of observations, for example, SN type Ia, CMBR observations, the rotation curve of stars in spiral galaxies, and so forth, [1–3].”
BackgroundObservational constraints on interacting vacuum energy with linear interactions
Kaeonikhom, C., Assadullahi, H., Schewtschenko, J. A., & Wands, D. (2023) · Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics · doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2023/01/042 · Cited by 14
“J C A P 0 1 ( 2 0 2 3 ) 0 4 2 It is determined by the ratio of the sound horizon scale at recombination, r∗, to the angular diameter distance, DA, [44] θ∗ = r∗ DA∗ .”
BackgroundInfluentialDark matter studies entrain nuclear physics
Gardner, S. V., & Fuller, G. M. (2013) · Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics · doi:10.1016/j.ppnp.2013.03.001 · Cited by 14
Metadata
- Authors
- Hu, W., & Dodelson, S.
- Affiliations
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (US)
- Venue
- Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2002-09
- Volume
- 40
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 171-216
- ISSN
- 0066-4146 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-4282
- OpenAlex
- W2123864481
- Cited by
- 745
- References
- 208
- Citations by year
- 2026: 35 · 2025: 38 · 2024: 38 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 34 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 58 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 29 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 29 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 3.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Locations
- Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
- Keywords
- cosmic microwave background, temperature anisotropy, acoustic peaks, power spectrum, inflation (cosmology), dark energy, dark matter, gravitational instability, quantum fluctuations, secondary anisotropies, CMB polarization, cosmological parameters, structure formation
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