Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 2,206

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 17 of the 17 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR-β REGULATION OF IMMUNE RESPONSES

Li, Ming O., Wan, Yisong Y., Sanjabi, Shomyseh, Robertson, Anna-Karin L., Flavell, Richard A.·2006·Annual Review of Immunology

Abstract

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a potent regulatory cytokine with diverse effects on hemopoietic cells. The pivotal function of TGF-β in the immune system is to maintain tolerance via the regulation of lymphocyte proliferation, differentiation, and survival. In addition, TGF-β controls the initiation and resolution of inflammatory responses through the regulation of chemotaxis, activation, and survival of lymphocytes, natural killer cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, mast cells, and granulocytes. The regulatory activity of TGF-β is modulated by the cell differentiation state and by the presence of inflammatory cytokines and costimulatory molecules. Collectively, TGF-β inhibits the development of immunopathology to self or nonharmful antigens without compromising immune responses to pathogens. This review highlights the findings that have advanced our understanding of TGF-β in the immune system and in disease.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1146/annurev.immunol.24.021605.090737

Cites

17 of 17 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 17 references

Cited by

See all 2,206

Metadata

Authors
Li, M. O., Wan, Y. Y., Sanjabi, S., Robertson, A.-K. L., & Flavell, R. A.
Venue
Annual Review of Immunology
Published
2006-04-01
Volume
24
Issue
1
Pages
99-146
ISSN
  • 0732-0582 (ISSN-L)
  • 1545-3278
OpenAlex
W2113313714
Cited by
2,206
References
17
FWCI
5.59
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR-β REGULATION OF IMMUNE RESPONSES. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1146/annurev.immunol.24.021605.090737
The paper
Li, M. O., Wan, Y. Y., Sanjabi, S., Robertson, A.-K. L., & Flavell, R. A. (2006). TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR-β REGULATION OF IMMUNE RESPONSES. Annual Review of Immunology. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.immunol.24.021605.090737

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.