The DOI matches its Crossref record; 168 of the 168 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Teratology of Retinoids
Abstract
Either an excess or a deficiency of vitamin A and related compounds (retinoids) causes abnormal morphological development (teratogenesis). Potential retinoid sources come from dietary intake, nutritional supplements, and some therapeutic drugs. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of retinoid teratogenesis is important. This review first gives an overview of the principles of teratology as they apply to retinoid-induced malformations. It then describes relevant aspects of the biochemical pathway and signal transduction of retinoids. The teratogenic activity of various retinoid compounds, the role of the retinoid receptors, and important toxicokinetic parameters in teratogenesis are reviewed.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The nuclear receptor superfamily: the second decade
Mangelsdorf, D. J., Thummel, C., Beato, M., Herrlich, P., Schütz, G., Umesono, K., Blumberg, B., Kastner, P., Mark, M., Chambon, P., et al. (1995) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(95)90199-x · Cited by 6,964
The RXR heterodimers and orphan receptors
Mangelsdorf, D. J., & Evans, R. M. (1995) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(95)90200-7 · Cited by 3,158
The Transcriptional Coactivators p300 and CBP Are Histone Acetyltransferases
Ogryzko, V. V., Schiltz, R. L., Russanova, V., Howard, B. H., & Nakatani, Y. (1996) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)82001-2 · Cited by 2,952
A decade of molecular biology of retinoic acid receptors
Chambon, P. (1996) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fasebj.10.9.8801176 · Cited by 2,889
Lammer, E. J., Chen, D. T., Hoar, R. M., Agnish, N. D., Benke, P. J., Braun, J. T., Curry, C. J., Fernhoff, P. M., Grix, A. W., Lott, I. T., et al. (1985) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198510033131401 · Cited by 1,942
9-cis retinoic acid is a high affinity ligand for the retinoid X receptor
Heyman, R. A., Mangelsdorf, D. J., Dyck, J. A., Stein, R. B., Eichele, G., Evans, R. M., & Thaller, C. (1992) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(92)90479-v · Cited by 1,780
A p300/CBP-associated factor that competes with the adenoviral oncoprotein E1A
Yang, X.-J., Ogryzko, V. V., Nishikawa, J.-I., Howard, B. H., & Nakatani, Y. (1996) · Nature · doi:10.1038/382319a0 · Cited by 1,479
9-Cis retinoic acid stereoisomer binds and activates the nuclear receptor RXRα
Levin, A. A., Sturzenbecker, L. J., Kazmer, S., Bosakowski, T., Huselton, C., Allenby, G., Speck, J., ratzeisen, C., Rosenberger, M., Lovey, A., et al. (1992) · Nature · doi:10.1038/355359a0 · Cited by 1,222
Yao, T.-P., Oh, S. P., Fuchs, M., Zhou, N.-D., Ch'ng, L.-E., Newsome, D., Bronson, R. T., Li, E., Livingston, D. M., & Eckner, R. (1998) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81165-4 · Cited by 1,014
Kessel, M., & Gruss, P. (1991) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(91)90574-i · Cited by 1,009
Cited by
Mark, M., Ghyselinck, N. B., & Chambon, P. (2006) · Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology · doi:10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.46.120604.141156 · Cited by 593
The acute and chronic toxic effects of vitamin A
Penniston, K. L., & Tanumihardjo, S. A. (2006) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/83.2.191 · Cited by 577
T HE R OLE OF V ITAMIN A IN M AMMALIAN R EPRODUCTION AND E MBRYONIC D EVELOPMENT
Clagett-Dame, M., & DeLuca, H. F. (2002) · Annual Review of Nutrition · doi:10.1146/annurev.nutr.22.010402.102745e · Cited by 461
Vitamin A in Reproduction and Development
Clagett-Dame, M., & Knutson, D. (2011) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu3040385 · Cited by 439
“However, too much RA at critical stages can result in embryo lethality or malformation [117–120].”
BackgroundDiseases Caused by Defects in the Visual Cycle: Retinoids as Potential Therapeutic Agents
Travis, G. H., Golczak, M., Moise, A. R., & Palczewski, K. (2007) · Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology · doi:10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.47.120505.105225 · Cited by 419
Metadata
- Authors
- Collins, M. D., & Mao, G. E.
- Venue
- Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 1999-04
- Volume
- 39
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 399-430
- ISSN
- 0362-1642 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-4304
- OpenAlex
- W2123363472
- Cited by
- 288
- References
- 168
- FWCI
- 0.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Teratology of Retinoids. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.39.1.399
- The paper
- Collins, M. D., & Mao, G. E. (1999). Teratology of Retinoids. Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.39.1.399
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.