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Cited by 812Advanced Causal Inference TechniquesStatistical Methods and Bayesian InferenceSpatial and Panel Data Analysis

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 79 of the 80 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Models for Sample Selection Bias

Winship, Christopher, Mare, Robert D.·1992·Annual Review of Sociology
DOI 10.1146/annurev.so.18.080192.001551
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Abstract

When observations in social research are selected so that they are not independent of the outcome variables in a study, sample selection leads to biased inferences about social processes. Nonrandom selection is both a source of bias in empirical research and a fundamental aspect of many social processes. This chapter reviews models that attempt to take account of sample selection and their applications in research on labor markets, schooling, legal processes, social mobility, and social networks. Variants of these models apply to outcome variables that are censored or truncated—whether explicitly or incidentally—and include the tobit model, the standard selection model, models for treatment effects in quasi-experimental designs, and endogenous switching models. Heckman’s two-stage estimator is the most widely used approach to selection bias, but its results may be sensitive to violations of its assumptions about the way that selection occurs. Recent econometric research has developed a wide variety of promising approaches to selection bias that rely on considerably weaker assumptions. These include a number of semiand nonparametric approaches to estimating selection models, the use of panel data, and the analyses of bounds of estimates. The large number of available methods and the difficulty of modelling selection indicate that researchers should be explicit about the assumptions behind their methods and should present results that derive from a variety of methods.

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Metadata

Authors
Winship, C., & Mare, R. D.
Affiliations
  • Northwestern University (US)
  • University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
ORCID
Winship, Christopher
Venue
Annual Review of Sociology
Publisher
Annual Reviews
Published
1992-08
Volume
18
Issue
1
Pages
327-350
ISSN
  • 0360-0572 (ISSN-L)
  • 1545-2115
DOI
10.1146/annurev.so.18.080192.001551
OpenAlex
W2011111286
Cited by
812
References
80
Citations by year
2026: 19 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 38 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 39 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 34 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 42 · 2013: 42 · 2012: 32
FWCI
8.01
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
Annual Review of Sociology (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Science Foundation
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Advanced Causal Inference Techniques
  • Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference
  • Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Spatial and Panel Data Analysis
Keywords
sample selection bias, selection model, Tobit model, endogenous switching regression, panel data, treatment effect bounds, labor market, school education, legal procedure, social mobility, social networks

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