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The Point Defect Model for the Passive State
Abstract
A review is presented of the point defect model (PDM) for the growth and breakdown of passive films on metal and alloy surfaces in contact with aqueous solutions. The model provides a reasonable account of the steady‐state properties of cation‐conducting and anion‐conducting barrier layers on nickel and tungsten, respectively, in phosphate buffer solutions; of the impedance characteristics of passive films on nickel; of the breakdown of passive films on a wide range of metals and alloys; of the distributions in the breakdown parameters (breakdown voltage and induction time); of the role of alloying elements in enhancing the resistance of alloys to passivity breakdown; of transpassive dissolution and electro‐polishing; of erosion‐corrosion; and of photoinhibition of pit nucleation. Additionally, the PDM has allowed us to formulate a set of principles for designing new alloys and has led to the development of a deterministic method for predicting localized corrosion damage functions.
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Citations
Cited by
Obot, I. B., Macdonald, D. D., & Gasem, Z. M. (2015) · Corrosion Science · doi:10.1016/j.corsci.2015.01.037 · Cited by 1,304
Self-citationThe history of the Point Defect Model for the passive state: A brief review of film growth aspects
Macdonald, D. D. (2011) · Electrochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2010.11.005 · Cited by 1,117
Self-citationImpedance Analysis of Electrochemical Systems
Vivier, V., & Orazem, M. E. (2022) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00876 · Cited by 615
Islam, M. S., & Sakairi, M. (2019) · Corrosion Science · doi:10.1016/j.corsci.2019.03.040 · Cited by 33
Metadata
- Authors
- Macdonald, D. D.
- Venue
- Journal of The Electrochemical Society
- Publisher
- The Electrochemical Society
- Published
- 1992-12-01
- Volume
- 139
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 3434-3449
- ISSN
- 0013-4651 (ISSN-L)
- 1945-7111
- OpenAlex
- W2100252608
- Cited by
- 1,574
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 10.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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