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Diet-induced obesity leads to the development of leptin resistance in vagal afferent neurons
Open accessAbstract
Ingestion of high-fat, high-calorie diets is associated with hyperphagia, increased body fat, and obesity. The mechanisms responsible are currently unclear; however, altered leptin signaling may be an important factor. Vagal afferent neurons (VAN) integrate signals from the gut in response to ingestion of nutrients and express leptin receptors. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that leptin resistance occurs in VAN in response to a high-fat diet. Sprague-Dawley rats, which exhibit a bimodal distribution of body weight gain, were used after ingestion of a high-fat diet for 8 wk. Body weight, food intake, and plasma leptin levels were measured. Leptin signaling was determined by immunohistochemical localization of phosphorylated STAT3 (pSTAT3) in cultured VAN and by quantifaction of pSTAT3 protein levels by Western blot analysis in nodose ganglia and arcuate nucleus in vivo. To determine the mechanism of leptin resistance in nodose ganglia, cultured VAN were stimulated with leptin alone or with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and SOCS-3 expression measured. SOCS-3 protein levels in VAN were measured by Western blot following leptin administration in vivo. Leptin resulted in appearance of pSTAT3 in VAN of low-fat-fed rats and rats resistant to diet-induced obesity but not diet-induced obese (DIO) rats. However, leptin signaling was normal in arcuate neurons. SOCS-3 expression was increased in VAN of DIO rats. In cultured VAN, LPS increased SOCS-3 expression and inhibited leptin-induced pSTAT3 in vivo. We conclude that VAN of diet-induced obese rats become leptin resistant; LPS and SOCS-3 may play a role in the development of leptin resistance.
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“The gut microbiome can influence central immune activation through direct activation of the gut based immune system and trigger pro- and anti-inflammatory systemic immune responses [35].”
From Role of diet and its effects on the gut microbiome in the pathophysiology of mental disorders (2022) · cites this paper as [35]
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Metadata
- Authors
- de Lartigue, G., Barbier de la Serre, C., Espero, E., Lee, J., & Raybould, H. E.
- Affiliations
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California
- University of California, Davis (US)
- Corresponding author
- Raybould, Helen E.
- ORCID
- Raybould, Helen E.
- Venue
- American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2011-07
- Volume
- 301
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- E187-E195
- ISSN
- 0193-1849 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-1555
- PMC
- PMC3129833
- OpenAlex
- W1990436043
- Cited by
- 179
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 8.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Public Health Service (DDK-41004)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK041004)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Keywords
- diet-induced obesity, leptin resistance, vagal afferent neurons, STAT3 phosphorylation, SOCS3, lipopolysaccharide, nodose ganglion, arcuate nucleus, leptin signaling, high-fat diet, gut-brain signaling
- MeSH terms
- Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 Protein, Animals, Body Weight, Energy Intake, Diet, Diet, Atherogenic, Dietary Fats, Drug Resistance, Lipopolysaccharides, Neurons, Afferent, Obesity, Vagus Nerve, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Vagus Nerve Diseases, Leptin, Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling Proteins, Rats, Receptors, Leptin
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