Glycogen depletion and increased insulin sensitivity and responsiveness in muscle after exercise
Abstract
As judged by its ability to stimulate glucose uptake and alpha-aminoisobutyric acid (AIB) transport, the sensitivity and the responsiveness of perfused rat muscle to insulin are enhanced after moderately intense treadmill exercise. In fed rats, these enhanced effects of insulin are predominantly restricted to muscles that performed work as evidenced by glycogen depletion. The present study was designed to examine the relationship between glycogen depletion per se and the postexercise changes in insulin action. Toward this end, fed and 48-h starved rats were run on a treadmill for 45 min at moderate intensity, and glucose and AIB uptake were then assessed using the isolated perfused hindquarter preparation. Glycogen is depleted in red muscles such as the soleus and red fibers of the gastrocnemius in fed rats immediately after such exercise, whereas, in starved rats, muscle glycogen is unchanged. As previously shown, the stimulation by insulin of glucose utilization by the hindquarter and AIB transport into red muscles was substantially increased in fed rats after the treadmill run. This was due to increases in both insulin sensitivity and responsiveness. In starved rats, the treadmill run also enhanced the ability of insulin to stimulate these processes; however, this was solely due to an increase in insulin sensitivity. No change in insulin responsiveness was observed. The results indicate that the enhanced sensitivity of muscle to insulin after exercise is not dependent on g…
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Exercise-induced enhancement of glucose clearance in the post-exercise period is closely related to depletion of muscle glycogen during exercise and wanes as glycogen stores are replenished by food intake.
“However, exerciseinduced enhancement of glucose clearance in the post exercise period is closely related to the depletion of muscle glycogen during exercise [28, 29, 31], and it wanes as glycogen stores are replenished by food intake [31].”
From The effect of moderate exercise on postprandial glucose homeostasis in NIDDM patients (1997) · cites this paper as [28]
The mechanism for unchanged glucose clearance after exercise may include enhancement of both non-insulin and insulin-mediated glucose transport and disposal.
“The mechanism for this may include enhancement of both non-insulin and insulin-mediated glucose transport and disposal [28, 29].”
From The effect of moderate exercise on postprandial glucose homeostasis in NIDDM patients (1997) · cites this paper as [28]
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References 12 · Cited by 38
- Authors
- Zorzano, A., Balon, T. W., Goodman, M. N., & Ruderman, N. B.
- Venue
- American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 1986-12-01
- Volume
- 251
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- E664-E669
- ISSN
- 0193-1849 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-1555
- OpenAlex
- W2335867569
- Cited by
- 38
- References
- 12
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 0.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (T-AM 00652, 5r01am019469-09, AM-19154)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Keywords
- glycogen depletion, insulin sensitivity, insulin responsiveness, skeletal muscle, physical activity, glucose uptake, muscle glycogen, fasting, red muscle fibers, insulin action
- MeSH terms
- Aminobutyrates, Animals, Eating, Physical Exertion, Fasting, Glucose, Glycogen, Insulin, Kinetics, Male, Muscles, Rats, Inbred Strains, Rats
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