Nycthemeral rhythm in adrenal responsiveness to ACTH
Abstract
Adrenal adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) and corticosterone responses to exogenous ACTH were found to be about 2.5 times greater in the evening (at lights off) than in the morning (at lights on) in rats. The rhythm in adrenal responsiveness to ACTH was found to persist in rats treated with dexamethasone 15 and 3 h before exogenous ACTH (in the presumed absence of a rhythm in endogenous ACTH). Treatment with p-chlorophenylalanine did not affect the daily rise in circulating ACTH levels but did abolish the rhythm in adrenal responsiveness to ACTH. The magnitude of the rhythm in adrenal responsiveness to ACTH is greater than the magnitude of the rhythm in ACTH. Because the rhythms are dissociable, we conclude that in vivo measurements of adrenal corticosteroid levels do not necessarily reflect ACTH levels.
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Diurnal variations in adrenal sensitivity to ACTH and in ACTH sensitivity to corticosterone feedback may explain the changes in the ACTH-to-cortisol relationship observed during the euglycemic clamps.
“Together, these mechanisms may likely explain the changes in the ACTH-to-cortisol relationship observed during the euglycemic clamps.”
From Supraphysiological Hyperinsulinemia Acutely Increases Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Secretory Activity in Humans (1999) · cites this paper as [33]
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References 18 · Cited by 172
- Authors
- Dallman, M. F., Engeland, W. C., Rose, J. C., Wilkinson, C. W., Shinsako, J., & Siedenburg, F.
- Affiliations
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Venue
- American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 1978-11-01
- Volume
- 235
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- R210-R218
- ISSN
- 0363-6119 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-1490
- OpenAlex
- W1805228482
- Cited by
- 172
- References
- 18
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 1.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Keywords
- circadian rhythm, ACTH, adrenal response, adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate, corticosterone, dexamethasone, p-chlorophenylalanine, ACTH secretion, adrenal steroidogenesis, rats
- MeSH terms
- Cyclic AMP, Adrenal Glands, Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, Animals, Circadian Rhythm, Corticosterone, Dexamethasone, Female, Male, Fenclonine, Pentobarbital, Rats
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