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Balance and kinetics of anaerobic energy release during strenuous exercise in man
Abstract
The speed of lactic acid formation in blood has been measured in man as a function of the intensity of exercise and was found to reach a maximum of about 36 mg lactic acid/liter blood per sec, corresponding to about 21.5 kcal (kg hr) or 0.034 hp/kg. The maximal energy release sustained by the alactacid mechanism is of the order of 45 kcal/(kg hr), or 0.07 hp/kg. The alactacid debt, as measured in man running on a treadmill, seems to be approximately proportional to the energy expenditure: it amounts at most to 0.1 kcal/kg or about 1.4 liters O 2 for a man weighing 70 kg. The lactacid debt amounts at most to 0.22 kcal/kg or about 3 liters O 2 for man, on the average. The alactacid oxygen debt contraction is a faster process and it requires 10–30 sec for completion, while the lactacid debt process is completed in about 40 sec in the most strenous exercise. Therefore, at the highest workloads, the only energy source available after 40 sec resides in oxidative processes. oxygen debt; lactic acid Submitted on July 5, 1963
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“In addition, anaerobic glycogen breakdown to lactate and aerobic carbohydrate metabolism allows muscles to generate ATP at rates 3–4 times faster than aerobic carbohydrate combustion and roughly seven times faster than fatty acid metabolism [6, 7].”
From Carbohydrate Storage and Supplementation Strategies for Peak Performance in Cross-Country Skiing (2026) · cites this paper as [6]
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Spencer, M., Bishop, D., Dawson, B., & Goodman, C. (2005) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.2165/00007256-200535120-00003 · Cited by 820
Anaerobic capacity determined by maximal accumulated O2 deficit
Medbø, J. I., Mohn, A. C., Tabata, I., Bahr, R., VAAGE, O., & Sejersted, O. M. (1988) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.1988.64.1.50 · Cited by 661
Epstein, S. E., Robinson, B. F., Kahler, R. L., & D, E. B. M. (1965) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci105282 · Cited by 478
“seems possible that the running speed that can be achieved during such a brief bout of exercise may not be critically dependent on 02 delivery to the tissues (20-22).”
BackgroundThe energetics of anaerobic muscle metabolism: a reappraisal of older and recent concepts
di Prampero, P. E., & Ferretti, G. (1999) · Respiration Physiology · doi:10.1016/s0034-5687(99)00083-3 · Cited by 421
“…by members of the School of Margaria (including Paolo Cerretelli) in an elegant series of experiments in which subjects ran on a treadmill at 18 km h−1 at slopes up to 25%, thus performing exercises requiring a metabolic power larger than twice the maximal aerobic power (Margaria et al., 1964).”
BackgroundInfluentialThe Concept of Maximal Lactate Steady State
Billat, V. L., Sirvent, P., Py, G., Koralsztein, J. P., & Mercier, J. G. (2003) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.2165/00007256-200333060-00003 · Cited by 427
Metadata
- Authors
- Margaria, R., Cerretelli, P., & Mangili, F.
- Affiliations
- University of Milan (IT)
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 1964-07-01
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 623-628
- ISSN
- 0161-7567 (ISSN-L)
- 8750-7587
- 1522-1601
- OpenAlex
- W2227993785
- Cited by
- 150
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 3.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Applied Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Keywords
- lactic acid production, oxygen debt, exercise intensity, energy expenditure, oxidative metabolism, treadmill running
- MeSH terms
- Blood Chemical Analysis, Physical Exertion, Humans, Kinetics, Lactates, Metabolism, Muscles, Patient Discharge, Physics, Physiology, Exercise
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