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Cited by 459Cardiovascular and exercise physiologyCardiovascular Effects of ExerciseSports Performance and Training

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A physiological comparison of young and older endurance athletes

Heath, G. W., Hagberg, J. M., Ehsani, A. A., Holloszy, J. O.·1981·Journal of Applied Physiology
DOI 10.1152/jappl.1981.51.3.634
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Abstract

Sixteen highly trained masters endurance athletes, 59 +/- 6 yr, were compared with 16 young athletes, with whom they were matched on the basis of their training regimens, and with 18 untrained middle-aged men. On echocardiographic evaluation, both groups of athletes had a significantly greater left ventricular volume and mass than the untrained men; their were no significant differences in percent fiber shortening or velocity of fiber shortening among the three groups. Maximum O2 uptake (VO2max) averaged 15% less in the masters than in the young athletes (58.7 vs. 69 ml.kg-1.min-1). When expressed in terms of lean body mass to correct for differences in body fat content, VO2max of the masters athletes was about 60% higher than that of the middle-aged untrained men. Maximum heart rate was 14% lower in the masters athletes than in the young athletes (169 vs. 197 beats/min). The O2 pulse during maximum exercise (i.e., VO2max/heart rate at VO2max) was identical in the masters and young athletes. This finding suggests that the major factor responsible for the lower VO2max of the masters athletes, compared with the young athletes, is their slower heart rate.

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Metadata

Authors
Heath, G. W., Hagberg, J. M., Ehsani, A. A., & Holloszy, J. O.
Affiliations
United States Department of Veterans Affairs (US)
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Applied Physiology
Publisher
American Physiological Society
Published
1981-09-01
Volume
51
Issue
3
Pages
634-640
ISSN
  • 0161-7567 (ISSN-L)
  • 8750-7587
  • 1522-1601
DOI
10.1152/jappl.1981.51.3.634
OpenAlex
W2102703312
Cited by
459
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 10
FWCI
10.37
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Journal of Applied Physiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Effects of Exercise
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
Keywords
aging, endurance athletes, masters athletes, VO2max, maximal heart rate, left ventricular mass, left ventricular volume, cardiac function, oxygen pulse, lean body mass, middle-aged men, exercise capacity
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aging, Anthropometry, Blood Pressure, Electrocardiography, Heart Rate, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Oxygen Consumption, Sports Medicine

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