Estrogen and Thyroid Hormone Receptor Interactions: Physiological Flexibility by Molecular Specificity
Abstract
The influence of thyroid hormone on estrogen actions has been demonstrated both in vivo and in vitro. In transient transfection assays, the effects of liganded thyroid hormone receptors (TR) on transcriptional facilitation by estrogens bound to estrogen receptors (ER) display specificity according to the following: 1) ER isoform, 2) TR isoform, 3) the promoter through which transcriptional facilitation occurs, and 4) cell type. Some of these molecular phenomena may be related to thyroid hormone signaling of seasonal limitations upon reproduction. The various combinations of these molecular interactions provide multiple and flexible opportunities for relations between two major hormonal systems important for neuroendocrine feedbacks and reproductive behaviors.
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Estrogen and thyroid hormones have cross-regulatory effects on bone growth and turnover in vivo.
“Estrogen and thyroid hormones have cross-regulatory effects on bone growth and turnover in vivo, as demonstrated by the skeletal phenotypes of PAX8-and aromatase-deficient mice (47,48).”
From Effect of TSH Suppression Therapy on Bone Mineral Density in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (2021) · cites this paper as [47]
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- Authors
- Vasudevan, N., Ogawa, S., & Pfaff, D.
- Affiliations
- Rockefeller University (US)
- Venue
- Physiological Reviews
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2002-01-10
- Volume
- 82
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 923-944
- ISSN
- 0031-9333 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-1210
- OpenAlex
- W2101676483
- Cited by
- 129
- References
- 213
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 0.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Physiological Reviews (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- CentAUR (University of Reading) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD05751)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Estrogen and related hormone effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals
- Keywords
- estrogen receptor, thyroid hormone receptor, receptor interaction, estrogen receptor isoforms, promoter specificity, seasonal reproduction, neuroendocrine feedback, reproductive behavior, hormone signaling
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Estrogens, Female, Humans, Male, Receptors, Estrogen, Receptors, Thyroid Hormone, Sexual Behavior, Animal, Thyroid Hormones, Transcription, Genetic
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