Cross‐Layer Support for Energy Efficient Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

The Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) algorithm computes a new route when packet loss occurs. DSR does not have an in‐built mechanism to determine whether the packet loss was the result of congestion or node failure causing DSR to compute a new route. This leads to inefficient energy utilization when DSR is used in wireless sensor networks. In this work, we exploit cross‐layer optimization techniques that extend DSR to improve its routing energy efficiency by minimizing the frequency of recomputed routes. Our proposed approach enables DSR to initiate a route discovery only when link failure occurs. We conducted extensive simulations to evaluate the performance of our proposed cross‐layer DSR routing protocol. The simulation results obtained with our extended DSR routing protocol show that the frequency with which new routes are recomputed is 50% lower compared with the traditional DSR protocol. This improvement is attributed to the fact that, with our proposed cross‐layer DSR, we distinguish between congestion and link failure conditions, and new routes are recalculated only for the latter.