Differences in salivary flow level, xerostomia, and flavor alteration in Mexican HIV patients who did or did not receive antiretroviral therapy
Open accessAbstract
Introduction. Objective and subjective alterations related to salivary flow have been reported in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and these alterations are associated with the introduction of antiretroviral therapy. The aim of the current study was to discern whether these alterations are disease induced or secondary to drug therapy. Objective. The objective was to determine the relationships between low salivary flow, xerostomia, and flavor alterations in HIV patients who did or did not receive antiretroviral therapy. Materials and Methods. In this cross-sectional study, HIV patients were divided into two groups based on whether they had received antiretroviral therapy. Those patients with a previous diagnosis of any salivary gland disease were excluded. A survey was used to assess subjective variables, and colorimetry and salivary flow rates were measured using the Schirmer global test. Results. A total of 293 patients were included. The therapy group showed a significantly lower average salivary flow than did the group without therapy, and we observed that the flow rate tended to decrease after one year of therapy. The results were not conclusive, despite significant differences in xerostomia and flavor alteration between the groups. Conclusion. The study results suggest that antiretroviral therapy can cause cumulative damage that affects the amount of salivary flow.
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Several diseases that share both disproportionately high rates of vascular disease and PH, including Sjögren's and systemic sclerosis, HIV, and cystic fibrosis, also feature dysregulated salivary flow and altered oral microbial populations.
“Significantly, several diseases that share both disproportionately high rates of vascular disease and PH, including Sjögren's and systemic sclerosis[294–297], HIV[7,11], and cystic fibrosis[298] also feature dysregulated salivary flow[299–302] and altered oral microbial populations[224,303–306].”
From Enterosalivary nitrate metabolism and the microbiome: Intersection of microbial metabolism, nitric oxide and diet in cardiac and pulmonary vascular health (2017) · cites this paper as [301]
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References 30 · Cited by 21
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- [22]Kungoane T Lymphoid proliferation of the parotid gland in pediatric patients with HIV infection [thesis] 2010 Johannesburg, South Africa Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand
- Authors
- López-Verdín, S., Andrade-Villanueva, J., Zamora-Perez, A. L., Bologna-Molina, R., Cervantes-Cabrera, J. J., & Molina-Frechero, N.
- Affiliations
- Instituto de Investigación en Odontología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, 44340 Guadalajara, JAL, Mexico
- Hospital Civil de Guadalajara (MX)
- Departamento de Investigación, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, 34100 Durango, DGO, Mexico
- Universidad de Guadalajara (MX)
- Departamento de Atención a la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Xochimilco, Calz del Hueso 1100 Villa Quietud, Coyoacán, 04960 Ciudad de México, DF, Mexico
- Venue
- AIDS Research and Treatment
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2013
- Volume
- 2013
- Pages
- 1-6
- ISSN
- 2090-1240 (ISSN-L)
- 2090-1259
- PMC
- PMC3880737
- OpenAlex
- W2099353140
- Cited by
- 21
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 0.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- AIDS Research and Treatment (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › HIV/AIDS oral health manifestations
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Salivary Gland Disorders and Functions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Oral health in cancer treatment
- Keywords
- HIV, antiretroviral therapy, salivary flow rate, xerostomia, dysgeusia, Schirmer test
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