The DOI matches its Crossref record; 21 of the 21 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Pak1 Phosphorylation of Snail, a Master Regulator of Epithelial-to-Mesenchyme Transition, Modulates Snail's Subcellular Localization and Functions
Abstract
The process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition plays a pivotal role in the conversion of early stage tumors into invasive malignancies, and has been shown to be regulated by the zinc finger phosphoprotein, Snail; however, no upstream signaling kinases have been shown to modulate Snail functions. Since the invasiveness of breast cancer cells is also influenced by p21-activated kinase 1 (Pak1) signaling, we investigated Pak1's potential mechanistic role in the regulation of Snail functions. We found for the first time that Pak1 promotes transcription repression activity of Snail from E-cadherin, occludin, and aromatase promoters. Pak1 regulates the repressor activity of Snail by phosphorylating on Ser246. Pak1 phosphorylation of Snail supports Snail's accumulation in the nucleus as well as its repressor functions. A Ser246Ala substitution in Snail or Pak1 knockdown by short interference RNA blocked Pak1-mediated Snail phosphorylation, leading to increased cytoplasmic accumulation of Snail and attenuation of Snail repressor activity in breast cancer cells. The regulation of phosphorylation and function of Snail by Pak1 represents a novel mechanism by which a signaling kinase might contribute to the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Ridley, A. J., & Hall, A. (1992) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(92)90163-7 · Cited by 4,468
Nobes, C. D., & Hall, A. (1995) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(95)90370-4 · Cited by 4,412
Batlle, E., Sancho, E., Francí, C., Domínguez, D., Monfar, M., Baulida, J., & García de Herreros, A. (2000) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/35000034 · Cited by 2,666
Zhou, B. P., Deng, J., Xia, W., Xu, J., Li, Y. M., Gunduz, M., & Hung, M.-C. (2004) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/ncb1173 · Cited by 1,581
Kozma, R., Ahmed, S., Best, A., & Lim, L. (1995) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.15.4.1942 · Cited by 1,021
Ikenouchi, J., Matsuda, M., Furuse, M., & Tsukita, S. (2003) · Journal of Cell Science · doi:10.1242/jcs.00389 · Cited by 678
Correlation of Snail expression with histological grade and lymph node status in breast carcinomas
Blanco, M. J., Moreno-Bueno, G., Sarrio, D., Locascio, A., Cano, A., Palacios, J., & Nieto, M. A. (2002) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1205416 · Cited by 576
Expression of Constitutively Active α-PAK Reveals Effects of the Kinase on Actin and Focal Complexes
Manser, E., Huang, H.-Y., Loo, T.-H., Chen, X.-Q., Dong, J.-M., Leung, T., & Lim, L. (1997) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.17.3.1129 · Cited by 561
Rho effectors and reorganization of actin cytoskeleton
Narumiya, S., Ishizaki, T., & Watanabe, N. (1997) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/s0014-5793(97)00317-7 · Cited by 380
Filamin is essential in actin cytoskeletal assembly mediated by p21-activated kinase 1
Vadlamudi, R. K., Li, F., Adam, L., Nguyen, D., Ohta, Y., Stossel, T. P., & Kumar, R. (2002) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/ncb838 · Cited by 322
Self-citation
Cited by
Molecular mechanisms of epithelial–mesenchymal transition
Lamouille, S., Xu, J., & Derynck, R. (2014) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/nrm3758 · Cited by 8,091
Snail, Zeb and bHLH factors in tumour progression: An alliance against the epithelial phenotype?
Peinado, H., Olmeda, D., & Cano, A. (2007) · Nature reviews. Cancer · doi:10.1038/nrc2131 · Cited by 3,121
Regulatory networks defining EMT during cancer initiation and progression
Craene, B. D., & Berx, G. (2013) · Nature Reviews Cancer · doi:10.1038/nrc3447 · Cited by 2,487
Epithelial-mesenchymal transitions: insights from development
Lim, J., & Thiery, J. P. (2012) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.071209 · Cited by 661
Kaufhold, S., & Bonavida, B. (2014) · Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research · doi:10.1186/preaccept-1929235422128885 · Cited by 469
Metadata
- Authors
- Yang, Z., Rayala, S., Nguyen, D., Vadlamudi, R. K., Chen, S., & Kumar, R.
- Venue
- Cancer Research
- Published
- 2005-04-15
- Volume
- 65
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 3179-3184
- ISSN
- 0008-5472 (ISSN-L)
- 1538-7445
- OpenAlex
- W1949487746
- Cited by
- 272
- References
- 21
- FWCI
- 6.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Pak1 Phosphorylation of Snail, a Master Regulator of Epithelial-to-Mesenchyme Transition, Modulates Snail's Subcellular Localization and Functions. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1158/0008-5472.can-04-3480
- The paper
- Yang, Z., Rayala, S., Nguyen, D., Vadlamudi, R. K., Chen, S., & Kumar, R. (2005). Pak1 Phosphorylation of Snail, a Master Regulator of Epithelial-to-Mesenchyme Transition, Modulates Snail's Subcellular Localization and Functions. Cancer Research. https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.can-04-3480
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
