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Repotrectinib (TPX-0005) Is a Next-Generation ROS1/TRK/ALK Inhibitor That Potently Inhibits ROS1/TRK/ALK Solvent- Front Mutations
Published version of a preprint
Abstract
The use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) with activity against ALK, ROS1, or TRKA–C can result in significant clinical benefit in patients with diverse tumors harboring ALK, ROS1, or NTRK1–3 rearrangements; however, resistance invariably develops. The emergence of on-target kinase domain mutations represents a major mechanism of acquired resistance. Solvent-front substitutions such as ALKG1202R, ROS1G2032R or ROS1D2033N, TRKAG595R, and TRKCG623R are among the most recalcitrant of these mechanisms. Repotrectinib (TPX-0005) is a rationally designed, low-molecular-weight, macrocyclic TKI that is selective and highly potent against ROS1, TRKA–C, and ALK. Importantly, repotrectinib exhibits activity against a variety of solvent-front substitutions in vitro and in vivo. As clinical proof of concept, in an ongoing first-in-human phase I/II trial, repotrectinib achieved confirmed responses in patients with ROS1 or NTRK3 fusion–positive cancers who had relapsed on earlier-generation TKIs due to ROS1 or TRKC solvent-front substitution-mediated resistance. Significance: Repotrectinib (TPX-0005), a next-generation ROS1, pan-TRK, and ALK TKI, overcomes resistance due to acquired solvent-front mutations involving ROS1, NTRK1–3, and ALK. Repotrectinib may represent an effective therapeutic option for patients with ROS1-, NTRK1–3-, or ALK-rearranged malignancies who have progressed on earlier-generation TKIs. Cancer Discov; 8(10); 1227–36. ©2018 AACR. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1195
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“Repotrectinib, recently FDA-approved for advanced ROS1+ NSCLC,9 has CNS activity and was designed to be effective against ROS1 resistance mutations.16,17”
From Taletrectinib in ROS1 + Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: TRUST (2025) · cites this paper as [16]
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Dolgova, V. V., Savateev, K. V., Urakov, G. V., Shabunina, E. T., Sbrodova, T. E., Lvova, E. A., Butorin, I. I., Fesenko, E. A., Melekhin, V. V., Tokhtueva, M. D., et al. (2025) · ChemMedChem · doi:10.1002/cmdc.202500535 · Cited by 2
Huo, G., & Chen, P. (2026) · Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy · doi:10.1080/14737140.2026.2614708 · Cited by 2
Rational design of dual ALK inhibitors: scaffolds and strategies to circumvent drug resistance
Yahya, T. A. A., & Al-Qadhi, M. A. (2026) · Bioorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.bioorg.2026.109706 · Cited by 2
NTRK Gene Fusions: A Compendium of Fusion Partners and Tumor Types
Yang, S., Repetto, M., Rudzinski, E. R., Li, M. M., Roy, A., Gutstein, L., Huang, K., Wu, J., Bender, J. G., Brega, N. M., et al. (2026) · JCO Precision Oncology · doi:10.1200/po-25-01150 · Cited by 2
Self-citationAdvances in targeted therapies for pediatric tumors
Liu, J.-Y., Yang, D.-L., Liu, H.-Y., Xiang, S.-F., Cao, J., Yang, B., He, Q.-J., Wang, J., Shao, X., & Ying, M.-D. (2026) · Acta Pharmacologica Sinica · doi:10.1038/s41401-026-01805-w · Cited by 2
“Repotrectinib, a compact macrocyclic inhibitor, demonstrated potent activity against wild-type and mutant TRKA/B/C (including G595R/G623R) in the ongoing TRIDENT-1 trial, yielding systemic and intracranial responses in previously treated patients with NTRK fusion-positive cancers [108].”
Self-citationQi, W., Yang, X., Lv, Y., & Wu, H. (2026) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/apt.70769 · Cited by 2
Targeted therapy in thyroid cancer: molecular alterations and clinical management
Yang, Y., Zhang, Y., Xu, Y., Gu, X., Lou, N., & Ye, G. (2026) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2026.1810813 · Cited by 3
Paradigm shift in the management of metastatic nonsmall cell lung cancer
Gupta, R., Smalley, M., Anusim, N. I., Jindal, V., Rahi, M. S., Gupta, S., Gupta, S. K., & Jaiyesimi, I. A. (2021) · International Journal of Clinical Practice · doi:10.1111/ijcp.14533 · Cited by 3
Ensartinib (X-396), an Approved ALK Inhibitor, Falls Out as a Clinically Relevant ROS1 Inhibitor
Zhu, V. W., & Ou, S. I. (2021) · Journal of Thoracic Oncology · doi:10.1016/j.jtho.2021.07.005 · Cited by 2
Self-citationModern treatment of ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer
Kharagezov, D. A., Lazutin, Y. N., Арменовна, М. Э., Milakin, A. G., Stateshny, O. N., Leyman, I. A., Gappoeva, M. A., Vitkovskaya, V. N., & Дмитриевич, И. К. (2022) · South Russian Journal of Cancer · doi:10.37748/2686-9039-2022-3-2-5 · Cited by 3
Wu, W., & Chen, M. (2023) · Frontiers in Oncology · doi:10.3389/fonc.2022.1031396 · Cited by 2
Classification models for predicting the bioactivity of pan-TRK inhibitors and SAR analysis
Zhao, X., Kong, Y., Ji, Y., Xin, X., Chen, L., Chen, G., & Yu, C. (2023) · Molecular Diversity · doi:10.1007/s11030-023-10735-2 · Cited by 2
Yun, K. M., Narezkina, A., Redfern, C. H., Velasco, K., & Bazhenova, L. A. (2024) · JCO Precision Oncology · doi:10.1200/po.23.00265 · Cited by 2
Zirconium Hydride Catalysis Initiated by Tetrabutylammonium Fluoride
Aloiau, A. N., Bobek, B. M., Pearson, K. E., Cherry, K. E., Smith, C. R., Ketcham, J. M., Marx, M. A., & Harwood, S. J. (2024) · The Journal of Organic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.joc.4c01227 · Cited by 2
Secretory Carcinoma of the Thyroid: A Case Report and Update of Literature
Chu, Y., Kobrossy, B., Schwartz, D., Bruns, A. D., & Marsh, J. (2024) · Head and Neck Pathology · doi:10.1007/s12105-024-01693-8 · Cited by 3
“Two second-generation TRK inhibitors, selitrec-tinib and repotrectinib, have shown promising preliminary results in overcoming on-target resistance [ 29 , 30 ] and are currently in clinical trials (NCT03093116, NCT04094610, NCT03215511).”
Liang, H., Huang, S., Xu, X., Yin, Z., Hussain, M., Song, X., Yi, J., He, Y., Guo, J., Tu, Z., et al. (2025) · Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5c00087 · Cited by 4
NTRK expression and its clinical significance in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors
Yan, P., Dai, X., Zhang, F., Dong, Y., Shi, H., & Han, A. (2025) · Discover Oncology · doi:10.1007/s12672-025-03506-y · Cited by 2
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Rossi, S., Marinello, A., Pagliaro, A., Franceschini, D., Navarria, P., Finocchiaro, G., Toschi, L., Scorsetti, M., & Santoro, A. (2022) · Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy · doi:10.1080/14737140.2023.2162044 · Cited by 3
“Similar to ALK-positive cases, patients can acquire resistance mutations in the ROS1 gene during treatment with TKIs, as the G2032R and D2033N resistance mutations, occurring, respectively, in 30% and 5% of the patients after crizotinib failure [71].”
BackgroundSun, M., Chen, J., Xue, Y., Deng, Y., Mater, D. V., Hiemcke‐Jiwa, L. S., Wu, P., & Fang, Y. (2024) · Translational Pediatrics · doi:10.21037/tp-24-126 · Cited by 2
“With the development of the second-generation type I TRK inhibitor, especially the application of LOXO-195 and TPX-0005 in clinical trials (34-37), we hope to greatly reduce the drug resistance caused by site mutations of TRKA kinase.”
Novel Targets in Advanced Colorectal Cancer
Lee, J. J. X., Choo, S. P., & Chua, C. (2018) · Current Colorectal Cancer Reports · doi:10.1007/s11888-018-0422-9 · Cited by 2
Self-citationFusions NTRK : une nouvelle piste dans les cancers digestifs ?
Ouali, K., Pellat, A., Cohen, R., Svrcek, M., Penault-Llorca, F. M., & André, T. (2020) · Bulletin du Cancer · doi:10.1016/j.bulcan.2019.11.014 · Cited by 2
Consenso multidisciplinar para optimizar la determinación de alteraciones del gen NTRK
Rojo, F., Colomer, R., López‐Ríos, F., Bautista, F. J., Alvarez, R. M., de Álava, E., Hladun, R., & Garrido, P. (2021) · Revista Española de Patología · doi:10.1016/j.patol.2021.05.003 · Cited by 3
The Value of Population Screening in Advancing Personalized Medicine in the Field of Lung Cancer
Mogenet, A., Greillier, L., & Tomasini, P. (2021) · Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine · doi:10.2147/pgpm.s267437 · Cited by 2
Therapeutic strategies to overcome ALK resistance in lung cancer
Recondo, G., & Friboulet, L. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-821774-0.00004-8 · Cited by 1
Speel, E. M., Dafni, U. G., Thunnissen, E., Rüschoff, J. H., O’Brien, C. P., Kowalski, J., Kerr, K. M., Bubendorf, L., Sansano, I., Joseph, L., et al. (2024) · Lung Cancer · doi:10.1016/j.lungcan.2024.107860 · Cited by 1
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Sangwan, K., Goyal, P. K., & Sharma, V. (2025) · Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00210-025-03961-y · Cited by 1
Metadata
- Authors
- Drilon, A., Ou, S.-H. I., Cho, B. C., Kim, D.-W., Lee, J., Lin, J. J., Zhu, V. W., Ahn, M.-J., Camidge, D. R., Nguyen, J., Zhai, D., Deng, W., Huang, Z., Rogers, E., Liu, J., Whitten, J., Lim, J. K., Stopatschinskaja, S., Hyman, D. M., Doebele, R. C., Cui, J. J., & Shaw, A. T.
- Affiliations
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (US)
- University of California, Irvine (US)
- Yonsei University (KR)
- Seoul National University Hospital (KR)
- Samsung Medical Center (KR)
- Harvard University (US)
- University of Colorado Anschutz (US)
- 8TP Therapeutics Inc., San Diego, California.
- Corresponding author
- Cui, J. Jean
- Shaw, Alice T.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Cancer Discovery
- Published
- 2018-10-01
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1227-1236
- ISSN
- 2159-8274 (ISSN-L)
- 2159-8290
- OpenAlex
- W2885875860
- Cited by
- 504
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2026: 48 · 2025: 64 · 2024: 71 · 2023: 66 · 2022: 69 · 2021: 83 · 2020: 62 · 2019: 37 · 2018: 4
- FWCI
- 35.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Cancer Discovery (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Seoul National University Open Repository (Seoul National University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Lung Cancer Treatments and Mutations
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer Mechanisms and Therapy
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
- Keywords
- repotrectinib, ROS1, TRK, anaplastic lymphoma kinase, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, solvent-front mutations, acquired drug resistance, NTRK3 fusion, kinase domain mutations
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Mutation, Protein-Tyrosine Kinases, Proto-Oncogene Proteins, Protein Kinase Inhibitors
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