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KiSS-1 and Reproduction: Focus on Its Role in the Metabolic Regulation of Fertility
Abstract
Unraveling of the master role of kisspeptins, the products of the KiSS-1 gene, and their receptor, GPR54, in the control of reproduction has been a major breakthrough in contemporary neuroendocrinology. Indeed, since the disclosure of their reproductive dimension in late 2003, an ever-growing number of genetic, molecular, physiologic and pharmacological studies have defined the crucial role of KiSS-1 neurons as central processors for the dynamic regulation of the gonadotropic axis and its full activation at puberty. Yet, the potential role of the hypothalamic KiSS-1 system as an intermediary factor for the well-known interplay between energy status and reproduction initially received little attention. Recent data, however, strongly suggest a prominent role of KiSS-1 in the metabolic control of fertility, as expression of KiSS-1 gene at the hypothalamus is down-regulated in conditions of negative energy balance and kisspeptin administration is capable of overcoming the hypogonadotropic state observed in undernutrition and disturbed metabolic conditions. Leptin, the adipocyte hormone signaling the size of body energy stores, is likely to play a pivotal role in the metabolic control of the KiSS-1 system, since kisspeptin neurons express leptin receptors and leptin is able to normalize defective KiSS-1 gene expression in models of impaired gonadotropin secretion linked to hypoleptinemia, such as the ob/ob mouse and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. In sum, these data provide strong evidence for a central role of kisspeptins and GPR54 as molecular conduits for the metabolic regulation of reproductive function – a phenomenon with potential physiopathologic and therapeutic implications.
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“Evidence from studies of animal models points to a role for kisspeptin 1 in the reproductive effects of leptin.”
From The genetic and molecular basis of idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (2009) · cites this paper as [62]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Tena-Sempere, M.
- Venue
- Neuroendocrinology
- Publisher
- S. Karger AG
- Published
- 2006
- Volume
- 83
- Issue
- 5-6
- Pages
- 275-281
- ISSN
- 0028-3835 (ISSN-L)
- 1423-0194
- OpenAlex
- W2113860075
- Cited by
- 132
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 2.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neuroendocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Keywords
- kisspeptin, KISS1, GPR54, kisspeptin neurons, hypothalamus, energy balance, leptin, leptin receptor, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, malnutrition, gonadotropin secretion, puberty, ob/ob mice, streptozotocin-induced diabetes, fertility control
- MeSH terms
- Receptors, Kisspeptin-1, Animals, Energy Metabolism, Fertility, Humans, Hypothalamus, Neurosecretory Systems, Reproduction, Sexual Maturation, Signal Transduction, Leptin, Tumor Suppressor Proteins, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled, Kisspeptins
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