Long-term survival and prognostic indicators in small (≤2 cm) pancreatic cancer
Open accessAbstract
Objectives In a matched analysis, we investigated clinical, histopathological, and survival characteristics of small (<or=2 cm) pancreatic cancer (PaC) as compared to large PaC. Methods From the Mayo pathology database, we identified 41 consecutive patients with small PaC and 94 matched controls with margin-negative PaC >2 cm. Two experienced pathologists, who were blinded to survival data, independently reviewed tumor stage and differentiation. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards models were applied for data analyses. Results In patients with localized disease (stages I and II), survival was similar in small and large PaC but survival was significantly better in small PaC with regional nodal metastasis (stage III) as compared to similar stage large PaC (5-year survival 44 vs. 7%, median survival 58 vs.18 months, p < 0.001). Well-differentiated small and large PaC had similar median survival (76 vs. 74 months, p = NS). In multivariate analysis, tumor differentiation, not tumor size, was the only independent factor predicting survival in PaC (risk ratio, RR, for moderate vs. well- differentiated: 2.6, 95% confidence interval, CI, 1.5-4.5, and RR for poorly differentiated vs. well-differentiated: 5.0, 95% CI 2.4-10.1). Conclusion Tumor differentiation may be a better predictor of survival in resectable PaC than tumor stage.
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Over time, the proportion of patients with very early-stage PDAC (stages IA and IB) has increased and the survival of these patients has improved, such that the 5-year survival for stage IA is in excess of 80%.
“In fact, over time, the proportion of patients with very early-stage PDAC (stages IA and IB) has increased and the survival of these patients has improved,15 such that the 5-year survival for stage IA (node-negative PDAC measuring <2 cm) is in excess of 80%.16”
From Artificial Intelligence and Early Detection of Pancreatic Cancer: 2020 Summative Review (2021) · cites this paper as [15]
Citation 16 is attached to the claim that five-year survival for stage IA PDAC exceeds 80%; the preceding claim about change over time has a different citation. The Results report 41% five-year survival for all small pancreatic cancers and say survival did not differ significantly among stages I, II, and III, but give no stage IA survival rate. Searches for “stage IA,” “80%,” and stage-specific five-year survival did not establish the cited figure. (LLM, conf=0.72)
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Research works printed but not linked: 19
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- Authors
- Pongprasobchai, S., Pannala, R., Smyrk, T. C., Bamlet, W., Pitchumoni, S., Ougolkov, A., Andrade, M. D., Petersen, G. M., & Chari, S. T.
- Affiliations
- Mayo Clinic (US)
- Corresponding author
- Chari, Suresh T.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Pancreatology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-10
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 587-592
- ISSN
- 1424-3903 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2790136
- OpenAlex
- W2117802350
- Cited by
- 36
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 4 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 1.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Pancreatology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Mayo Clinic
- Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research
- National Institutes of Health
- National Cancer Institute (P50 CA 10270, P50CA102701, R01CA100685)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Pancreatic and Hepatic Oncology Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cholangiocarcinoma and Gallbladder Cancer Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Neuroendocrine Tumor Research Advances
- Keywords
- pancreatic cancer, small pancreatic tumors, tumor size, long-term survival, prognostic factors, tumor differentiation, tumor stage, lymph node metastasis, resectable pancreatic cancer
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Antineoplastic Agents, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Staging, Pancreatic Neoplasms, Prognosis, Radiotherapy, Adjuvant
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