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Cited by 213Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and LipoproteinsCardiovascular Health and Risk FactorsObesity, Physical Activity, Diet

The DOI matches its Crossref record, with a small difference in title or year; 35 of the 35 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Factor Analysis of Clustered Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescence: Obesity Is the Predominant Correlate of Risk Among Youth

Goodman, Elizabeth, Dolan, Lawrence M., Morrison, John A., Daniels, Stephen R.·2005·Circulation
DOI 10.1161/01.cir.0000161957.34198.2b
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Abstract

Background— Clustering of cardiovascular (CV) risks begins in childhood, yet studies of the factor structure underlying this clustering have focused on adults. The increasing rates of obesity and type 2 diabetes and the growing importance of metabolic syndrome among adolescents make assessment of CV risk clustering even more urgent in this age group. Methods and Results— Exploratory factor analysis (principal components analysis) was performed with data from 1578 healthy seventh to 12th graders from the Princeton School District Study, a school-based study in Cincinnati, Ohio. Measured CV risks included cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting insulin and glucose, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, fibrinogen, and blood pressure. Factor analysis yielded 4 uncorrelated factors (adiposity [BMI, waist, fibrinogen, insulin], cholesterol [LDL and total cholesterol], carbohydrate-metabolic [glucose, insulin, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides], and blood pressure [systolic and diastolic blood pressure]). These factors explained approximately 67% of the total variance. A summary cumulative risk scale was derived from factor scores, and high risk was defined as scoring in the top 5%. Although insulin loaded onto both the adiposity and carbohydrate-metabolic factors, obesity was a much stronger correlate of high cumulative risk (odds ratio=19.2; 95% CI, 7.6 to 48.5) than hyperinsulinemia (odds ratio=3.5; 95% CI, 1.8 to 6.8). A sizable proportion (18.5%; n=12) of those who were at high cumulative risk were not at high risk for any of the individual factors. Conclusions— The patterning of CV risk clustering seen among adults is present in healthy adolescents. Among youth, obesity is the predominant correlate of cumulative risk.

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Crossref · 10.1161/01.cir.0000161957.34198.2b

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  1. 10.1161/atvb.18.2.208 · DOI
  2. 10.1161/atvb.20.2.538 · DOI
  3. Nunnally JM Bernstein IH. Psychometric Theory. 3rd ed. New York NY: McGraw Hill Inc; 1994.

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Metadata

Authors
Goodman, E., Dolan, L. M., Morrison, J. A., & Daniels, S. R.
Affiliations
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (US)
ORCID
Venue
Circulation
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
2005-04-19
Volume
111
Issue
15
Pages
1970-1977
ISSN
  • 0009-7322 (ISSN-L)
  • 1524-4539
DOI
10.1161/01.cir.0000161957.34198.2b
OpenAlex
W2024313037
Cited by
213
References
35
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 11
FWCI
11.24
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Circulation (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK059183, DK59183)
  • National Center for Research Resources (M01RR008084, M01-RR-08084)
  • Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD-41527, R01HD041527)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
Keywords
adolescents, obesity, hyperinsulinemia, metabolic syndrome, adiposity, blood pressure, dyslipidemia, triglycerides, insulin resistance, cumulative risk score, factor structure
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Body Weights and Measures, Cardiovascular Diseases, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Humans, Lipids, Male, Obesity, Risk Factors, Cluster Analysis, Metabolic Syndrome

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