The DOI matches its Crossref record; 30 of the 30 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Social Support, Depression, and Mortality During the First Year After Myocardial Infarction
Abstract
Background —We previously reported that depression after myocardial infarction (MI) increases the long-term risk of cardiac mortality. Other research suggests that social support may also influence prognosis. This article examines the interrelationships between baseline depression and social support in terms of cardiac prognosis and changes in depression symptoms over the first post-MI year. Methods and Results —For this study, 887 patients completed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS) at about 7 days after MI. Some 32% had BDIs ≥10, indicating mild to moderate depression. One-year survival status was determined for all patients. Follow-up interviews, including the BDI, were conducted with 89% of survivors. There were 39 deaths (35 cardiac). Elevated BDI scores were related to cardiac mortality ( P =0.0006), but PSSS scores and other measures of social support were not. There was a significant interaction between depression and the PSSS ( P =0.016). The relationship between depression and cardiac mortality decreased with increasing support. Furthermore, residual change score analysis revealed that among 1-year survivors who had been depressed at baseline, higher baseline social support was related to more improvement in depression symptoms than expected. Conclusions —Post-MI depression is a predictor of 1-year cardiac mortality, but social support is not directly related to survival. However, very high levels of support appear to buffer the impact of depression on mortality. Furthermore, high levels of support predict improvements in depression symptoms over the first post-MI year in depressed patients. High levels of support may protect patients from the negative prognostic consequences of depression because of improvements in depression symptoms.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Perceived social support seems to counteract the adverse effect of depression, 103 whereas lack of support was found to reinforce its adverse effects.104”
From European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012) (2012) · cites this paper as [103]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
An inventory for measuring depression
BECK, A. T. (1961) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004 · Cited by 38,032
Health Measurement Scales: A Practical Guide to Their Development and Use
Streiner, D. L., Norman, G. R., & Cairney, J. (1989) · Cited by 9,595
Psychometric Characteristics of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support
Zimet, G. D., Powell, S. S., Farley, G. K., Werkman, S., & Berkoff, K. A. (1990) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1080/00223891.1990.9674095 · Cited by 4,855
Rozanski, A., Blumenthal, J. A., & Kaplan, J. (1999) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.99.16.2192 · Cited by 2,846
How we should measure "change": Or should we?
Cronbach, L. J., & Furby, L. (1970) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/h0029382 · Cited by 2,456
Treatment of myocardial infarction in a coronary care unit
Killip, T., & Kimball, J. T. (1967) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/0002-9149(67)90023-9 · Cited by 2,071
Depression Following Myocardial Infarction
Frasure‐Smith, N. (1993) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1993.03510150053029 · Cited by 2,039
Self-citationTreatment of myocardial infarction in a coronary care unit.
Lf, T., Berman, D. A., Goldfarb, B., Mb, S., & Berman, R. S. (1969) · PubMed · Cited by 1,611
Depression and 18-Month Prognosis After Myocardial Infarction
Frasure‐Smith, N., Lespérance, F., & Talajic, M. R. (1995) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.91.4.999 · Cited by 1,546
Self-citationToward an Interactional Description of Depression
Coyne, J. C. (1976) · Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/00332747.1976.11023874 · Cited by 1,506
Cited by
Sorted by citations
European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012)
Authors/Task Force Members:, Perk, J., De Backer, G., Gohlke, H., Graham, I., Reiner, Ž., Verschuren, M., Albus, C., Benlian, P., Boysen, G., et al. (2012) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehs092 · Cited by 8,490
Social Relationships and Mortality Risk: A Meta-analytic Review
Holt-Lunstad, J., Smith, T. B., & Layton, J. B. (2010) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000316 · Cited by 7,272
“, 2000 [68] 887 59 Canada 1 y CVD Functional p 0.”
European guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice: executive summary
Graham, I., Atar, D., Borch‐Johnsen, K., Boysen, G., Burell, G. K., Cífková, R., Dallongeville, J., Backer, G. D., Ebrahim, S. B. J., Gjelsvik, B., et al. (2007) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehm316 · Cited by 3,865
Uchino, B. N. (2006) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-006-9056-5 · Cited by 2,507
Stress and Health: Psychological, Behavioral, and Biological Determinants
Schneiderman, N., Ironson, G., & Siegel, S. D. (2005) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.1.102803.144141 · Cited by 2,252
Metadata
- Authors
- Frasure-Smith, N., Lespérance, F., Gravel, G., Masson, A., Juneau, M., Talajic, M., & Bourassa, M. G.
- Affiliations
- From the Departments of Psychiatry (N.F.-S., F.L.) and School of Nursing (N.F.-S), McGill University; the Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute (N.F.-S., F.L., G.G., A.M., M.J., M.T., M.G.B.); and the Departments of Psychiatry (N.F.-S., F.L.) and Medicine (M.J., M.T., M.G.B.), University of Montreal. Montreal, Canada.
- Montreal Heart Institute (CA)
- Venue
- Circulation
- Published
- 2000-04-25
- Volume
- 101
- Issue
- 16
- Pages
- 1919-1924
- ISSN
- 0009-7322 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4539
- OpenAlex
- W1969130585
- Cited by
- 632
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 36 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 39 · 2013: 39 · 2012: 35
- FWCI
- 19.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Circulation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal
- Health Canada
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Health and Mental Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Acute Myocardial Infarction Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
- Keywords
- myocardial infarction, social support, cardiac mortality, depressive symptoms, prognosis
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Depression, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Myocardial Infarction, Predictive Value of Tests, Prognosis, Psychological Tests, Social Support, Linear Models
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
