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Entrainment and interruption of atrial flutter with atrial pacing: studies in man following open heart surgery.
Abstract
To examine the question of why the pacing rate and duration of atrial pacing are crucial factors in the successful interruption of atrial flutter, studies were performed on 30 patients in the period following open heart surgery. In each patient the diagnosis of atrial flutter was made using a pair of wire electrodes placed on the right atrial epicardium at the time of operation and brought out through the anterior chest wall. The same electrodes were used for atrial pacing. Pacing faster than the spontaneous rate of the atrial flutter which failed to interrupt the atrial flutter was associated with transient entrainment of the atrial flutter up to the atrial pacing rate. Atrial flutter was interrupted successfully when the atria were paced at a rate which was too fast for the atrial flutter to follow. This was heralded by the conversion of previously negative flutter waves to positive atrial complexes in ECG lead II. When pacing the atria at a constant rate, 2-22 seconds with a mean of 10 seconds were required to interrupt the atrial flutter.
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Citations
Cited by
Olgin, J. E., Kalman, J. M., Fitzpatrick, A. P., & Lesh, M. D. (1995) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.92.7.1839 · Cited by 500
Saoudi, N., Cosío, F., Waldo, A., Chen, S. A., Iesaka, Y., Lesh, M., Saksena, S., Salerno, J., & Schoels, W. (2001) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1053/euhj.2001.2658 · Cited by 464
Allessie, M. A., Lammers, W. J., Bonke, I. M., & Hollen, J. (1984) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.70.1.123 · Cited by 275
Initiating Reentry: The Role of Nonuniform Anisotropy in Small Circuits
SPACH, M. S., & JOSEPHSON, M. E. (1994) · Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1540-8167.1994.tb01157.x · Cited by 266
Right Atrial Flutter Due to Lower Loop Reentry: Mechanism and Anatomic Substrates
Cheng, J., Cabeen, W. R., & Scheinman, M. M. (1999) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.99.13.1700 · Cited by 152
Metadata
- Authors
- Waldo, A. L., MacLean, W. A., Karp, R. B., Kouchoukos, N. T., & James, T. N.
- Venue
- Circulation
- Published
- 1977-11
- Volume
- 56
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 737-745
- ISSN
- 0009-7322 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4539
- OpenAlex
- W2061093891
- Cited by
- 443
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 4.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Entrainment and interruption of atrial flutter with atrial pacing: studies in man following open heart surgery. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1161/01.cir.56.5.737
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- Waldo, A. L., MacLean, W. A., Karp, R. B., Kouchoukos, N. T., & James, T. N. (1977). Entrainment and interruption of atrial flutter with atrial pacing: studies in man following open heart surgery. Circulation. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.56.5.737
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
