The DOI matches its Crossref record; 31 of the 31 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Hydroxychloroquine Reverses Thrombogenic Properties of Antiphospholipid Antibodies in Mice
Abstract
Background Previous studies have demonstrated that human monoclonal and polyclonal anticardiolipin antibodies have thrombogenic properties in vivo. Using such a model in which these antibodies have been shown to increase both the size of an induced thrombus and the duration of time in which such a clot lasts, we investigated whether hydroxychloroquine alters the dynamics of such thrombus formation. Methods and Results Three groups of nine mice were injected with purified immunoglobulin G (IgG) from a patient with the antiphospholipid syndrome (IgG-APS) and then fed with hydroxychloroquine at various doses (100, 6, and 3 mg/kg body wt). Three control groups of mice were also studied, including mice injected with IgG-APS and then fed with placebo, as well as two other groups injected with IgG from normal human serum and fed either hydroxychloroquine or placebo. A standardized thrombogenic injury was subsequently induced in the femoral vein of each mouse and the area (size) of thrombus measured as well as the total period of time that thrombus was present. Mice treated with hydroxychloroquine and IgG-APS showed significantly smaller thrombi that persisted for a shorter period of time compared with animals treated with IgG-APS and placebo. Conclusions Hydroxychloroquine significantly diminished both thrombus size and total time of thrombus formation in mice previously injected with IgG-APS.
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“Experimental studies have shown that HCQ interferes with the binding of aPL–β2-glycoprotein I complexes to phospholipid surfaces, reverses aPL-induced thrombogenicity, reduces platelet activation, downregulates endothelial tissue factor expression, modulates complement activation and improves endothelial function [3–5].”
From Hydroxychloroquine as an Adjunct Therapy for Secondary Thrombosis Prevention in Primary Antiphospholipid Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (2026) · cites this paper as [5]
In the citing paper
“In addition, HCQ reduces platelet activation, downregulates endothelial tissue factor expression, modulates complement activation and improves endothelial function, collectively targeting multiple thrombo-inflammatory pathways central to APS pathophysiology [3, 5].”
From Hydroxychloroquine as an Adjunct Therapy for Secondary Thrombosis Prevention in Primary Antiphospholipid Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (2026) · cites this paper as [5]
In the citing paper
“Its administration significantly reduced thrombus size and duration [8].”
From Antithrombotic effects of hydroxychloroquine in primary antiphospholipid syndrome patients (2013) · cites this paper as [8]
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Mechanisms of action of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine:implications for rheumatology
Schrezenmeier, E., & Dörner, T. (2020) · Nature Reviews Rheumatology · doi:10.1038/s41584-020-0372-x · Cited by 1,468
Ruiz‐Irastorza, G., Crowther, M. A., Branch, W. D., & Khamashta, M. A. (2010) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(10)60709-x · Cited by 875
Guidelines on the investigation and management of antiphospholipid syndrome
Keeling, D., Mackie, I., Moore, G. W., Greer, I. A., Greaves, M., & British Committee for Standards in Haematology (2012) · British Journal of Haematology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2141.2012.09037.x · Cited by 740
The Pathogenesis of the Antiphospholipid Syndrome
Giannakopoulos, B., & Krilis, S. A. (2013) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmra1112830 · Cited by 687
Hydroxychloroquine: From Malaria to Autoimmunity
Ben‐Zvi, I., Kivity, S., Langevitz, P., & Shoenfeld, Y. (2011) · Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology · doi:10.1007/s12016-010-8243-x · Cited by 616
Metadata
- Authors
- Edwards, M. H., Pierangeli, S., Liu, X., Barker, J. H., Anderson, G., & Harris, E. N.
- Affiliations
- University of Louisville (US)
- Venue
- Circulation
- Published
- 1997-12-16
- Volume
- 96
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 4380-4384
- ISSN
- 0009-7322 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4539
- OpenAlex
- W2001976130
- Cited by
- 250
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 2.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Circulation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Blood Coagulation and Thrombosis Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Platelet Disorders and Treatments
- Keywords
- hydroxychloroquine, antiphospholipid syndrome, anticardiolipin antibodies, antiphospholipid antibodies, thrombosis, thrombus size, thrombogenicity, IgG, thromboprophylaxis
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Humans, Hydroxychloroquine, Immunoglobulin G, Male, Mice, Inbred Strains, Reference Values, Thrombosis, Antiphospholipid Syndrome, Antibodies, Antiphospholipid, Mice
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