The DOI matches its Crossref record; 44 of the 44 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Exenatide, a Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist, Acutely Inhibits Intestinal Lipoprotein Production in Healthy Humans
Abstract
Objectives—: Incretin-based therapies for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus improve plasma lipid profiles and postprandial lipemia, but their exact mechanism of action remains unclear. Here, we examined the acute effect of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, exenatide, on intestinal and hepatic triglyceride-rich lipoprotein production and clearance in healthy humans. Methods and Results—: Fifteen normolipidemic, normoglycemic men underwent 2 studies each (SC 10 μg exenatide versus placebo), 4 to 6 weeks apart, in random order, in which triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle kinetics were examined with a primed, constant infusion of deuterated leucine and analyzed by multicompartmental modeling under pancreatic clamp conditions. A fed state was maintained during each study by infusing a high-fat, mixed macronutrient, liquid formula at a constant rate directly into the duodenum via a nasoduodenal tube. Exenatide significantly suppressed the plasma concentration and production rate of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein-apolipoprotein B-48, but not of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein-apolipoprotein B-100. Conclusions—: These results suggest a possible direct effect of exenatide on intestinal lipoprotein particle production, independent of changes in weight gain and satiety as seen in long-term studies and independent of changes in gastric emptying. This finding expands our understanding of the effects of exenatide in metabolic regulation beyond its primary therapeutic role in regulation of glucose homeostasis. Clinical Trial Registration—: URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov , NCT01056549.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“In one study, osmotic diarrhea occurred 8 h after infusion of GLP-1 peptide (47), and GLP-1RAs have been shown to reduce intestinal uptake of glucose and lipids (48, 49).”
From Safety of Semaglutide (2021) · cites this paper as [49]
Citations
Cites
Biology of Incretins: GLP-1 and GIP
Baggio, L. L., & Drucker, D. J. (2007) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2007.03.054 · Cited by 3,639
Insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease
Ginsberg, H. N. (2000) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci10762 · Cited by 1,372
Klonoff, D. C., Buse, J. B., Nielsen, L. L., Guan, X., Bowlus, C. L., Holcombe, J. H., Wintle, M. E., & Maggs, D. G. (2008) · Current Medical Research and Opinion · doi:10.1185/030079908x253870 · Cited by 699
Incretin-based therapies for type 2 diabetes mellitus
Lovshin, J. A., & Drucker, D. J. (2009) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/nrendo.2009.48 · Cited by 645
Tissue distribution of messenger ribonucleic acid encoding the rat glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor
Bullock, B. P., Heller, R. S., & Habener, J. F. (1996) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo.137.7.8770921 · Cited by 622
Pratley, R. E., Nauck, M. A., Bailey, T. S., Montanya, E., Cuddihy, R. M., Filetti, S., Thomsen, A. B., Søndergaard, R. E., & Davies, M. J. (2010) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(10)60307-8 · Cited by 587
Lewis, G., Uffelman, K., Szeto, L., Weller, B., & Steiner, G. (1995) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci117633 · Cited by 533
Self-citationGupta, N. A., Mells, J., Dunham, R. M., Grakoui, A., Handy, J., Saxena, N. K., & Anania, F. A. (2010) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.23569 · Cited by 532
GLP-1 Receptor Expression in Human Tumors and Human Normal Tissues: Potential for In Vivo Targeting
Korner, M., Stockli, M., Waser, B., & Reubi, J. C. (2007) · Journal of Nuclear Medicine · doi:10.2967/jnumed.106.038679 · Cited by 477
Matikainen, N., Mänttäri, S., Schweizer, A., Ulvestad, A., Mills, D., Dunning, B. E., Foley, J. E., & Taskinen, M.-R. (2006) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-006-0340-2 · Cited by 336
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–164 of 164
Lipoprotein effects of incretin analogs and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors
Zhong, J., Maiseyeu, A., & Rajagopalan, S. (2015) · Clinical Lipidology · doi:10.2217/clp.14.59 · Cited by 15
An Updated Perspective on the Dual-Track Model of Enterocyte Fat Metabolism
Cook, J. R., Kohan, A. B., & Haeusler, R. A. (2022) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/j.jlr.2022.100278 · Cited by 15
Li, Y., Lei, R., Lei, H., Qin, X., Xie, F., Yao, C., & Feng, P. (2022) · European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1097/meg.0000000000002471 · Cited by 15
PATEL, V. G., Joharapurkar, A. A., Kshirsagar, S. G., Patel, K. N., Bahekar, R. H., Shah, G. B., & Jain, M. R. (2015) · Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology · doi:10.1139/cjpp-2014-0457 · Cited by 14
Role of the Gut in Modulating Lipoprotein Metabolism
Hennessy, A. A., Ross, R. P., Fitzgerald, G. F., Caplice, N. M., & Stanton, C. (2014) · Current Cardiology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11886-014-0515-2 · Cited by 17
Onoue, T., Goto, M., Wada, E., Furukawa, M., Okuji, T., Okada, N., Kobayashi, T., Iwama, S., Sugiyama, M., Tsunekawa, T., et al. (2020) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0228004 · Cited by 14
Biology and Clinical Use of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in Vascular Protection
Yau, K., Odutayo, A., Dash, S., & Cherney, D. Z. I. (2023) · Canadian Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.cjca.2023.07.007 · Cited by 15
Self-citationVarin, E. M., Hanson, A. A., Beaudry, J. L., Nguyen, M.-A., Cao, X., Baggio, L. L., Mulvihill, E. E., & Drucker, D. J. (2020) · JCI Insight · doi:10.1172/jci.insight.140418 · Cited by 13
Moore, M. C., Ulrich, W., Smith, M. S., Farmer, T. D., & Cherrington, A. D. (2013) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00354.2013 · Cited by 12
Ross, S. A. (2014) · Current Medical Research and Opinion · doi:10.1185/03007995.2014.973939 · Cited by 12
Recent advances in cytoplasmic lipid droplet metabolism in intestinal enterocyte
Ghanem, M., Lewis, G. F., & Xiao, C. (2022) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids · doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2022.159197 · Cited by 14
Self-citationMechanisms of Incretin Effects on Plasma Lipids and Implications for the Cardiovascular System
Xiao, C., Dash, S., & Lewis, G. F. (2012) · Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.2174/187152512803530315 · Cited by 11
Self-citationSyed‐Abdul, M. M., Stahel, P., Zembroski, A. S., Tian, L., Xiao, C., Nahmias, A., Bookman, I. D., Buhman, K. K., & Lewis, G. F. (2022) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgac690 · Cited by 11
Self-citationFutagami, S., Agawa, S., Nakamura, K., Watanabe, Y., Habiro, M., Kawawa, R., Yamawaki, H., Tsushima, R., Kirita, K., Akimoto, T., et al. (2023) · Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1111/jgh.16302 · Cited by 10
Aa, B., Serova, M., Chashkina, M. I., Kosharnaia, R. S., Salpagarova, Z. K., Andreev, D. A., & Giverts, I. (2024) · Cardiac failure review · doi:10.15420/cfr.2024.06 · Cited by 10
Devastating Metabolic Consequences of a Life of Plenty: Focus on the Dyslipidemia of Overnutrition
Lewis, G. F. (2013) · Clinical and investigative medicine · doi:10.25011/cim.v36i5.20123 · Cited by 10
Self-citationPotential of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 as a Regulator of Impaired Cholesterol Metabolism in the Brain
Kim, Y., & Song, J. (2020) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.1093/advances/nmaa080 · Cited by 8
Zhang, M., Jiang, W., Yin, J. L., & Xiao, D. (2025) · Journal of Advanced Research · doi:10.1016/j.jare.2025.06.036 · Cited by 8
Classical and Innovative Insulin Sensitizing Drugs for the Prevention and Treatment of NAFLD
Carulli, L., Maurantonio, M., Hebbard, L., Baldelli, E., Loria, P., & George, J. (2012) · Current Pharmaceutical Design · doi:10.2174/1381612811319290009 · Cited by 8
Okajima, F., Emoto, N., Kato, K., & Sugihara, H. (2016) · Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis · doi:10.5551/jat.32409 · Cited by 8
Tsakiridis, E. E., & Steinberg, G. R. (2026) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.70624 · Cited by 7
Current Issues in Glp-1 Receptor Agonist Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes
Bloomgarden, Z. T., Blonde, L., Garber, A. J., & Wysham, C. (2012) · Endocrine Practice · doi:10.4158/ep12300.ra · Cited by 7
Mirzaei, F., Khodadadi, I., Majdoub, N., Vafaei, S. A., Tayebinia, H., & Oshaghi, E. A. (2022) · The Open Medicinal Chemistry Journal · doi:10.2174/18741045-v16-e2212130 · Cited by 7
Evaluation of the Effect of Enteral Lipid Sensing on Endogenous Glucose Production in Humans
Xiao, C., Dash, S., Morgantini, C., Koulajian, K., & Lewis, G. F. (2015) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db15-0148 · Cited by 7
Self-citationAdeli, K., Taher, J., Farr, S., Xiao, C., & Lewis, G. F. (2015) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-63438-2.00019-5 · Cited by 6
Self-citationLipid Effects and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Associated with Glucose-Lowering Medications
Stähli, B. E., Gebhard, C., & Tardif, J. (2015) · Current Cardiology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11886-015-0608-6 · Cited by 4
Fat absorption and metabolism after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery
HINDSØ, M. G., Lundsgaard, A., Marinkovic, B., Jensen, M. H., Hedbäck, N., Svane, M. S., Dirksen, C., Jørgensen, N. B., London, A., Jeppesen, P. B., et al. (2025) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2025.156189 · Cited by 5
HINDSØ, M. G., Bojsen-Møller, K. N., Kristiansen, V. B., Holst, J. J., van Hall, G., & Madsbad, S. (2022) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/s41366-022-01123-1 · Cited by 4
Role of endogenous incretins in the regulation of postprandial lipoprotein metabolism
Taskinen, M., Matikainen, N., Björnson, E., Söderlund, S., Ainola, M., Hakkarainen, A., Lundbom, N., Sihlbom, C., Thorsell, A., Andersson, L., et al. (2022) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje-21-1187 · Cited by 4
Investigational drugs in development for hypertriglyceridemia: a coming-of-age story
Rhainds, D., Brodeur, M. R., & Tardif, J. (2019) · Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs · doi:10.1080/13543784.2019.1696772 · Cited by 4
Karacabeyli, D., & Lacaille, D. V. (2026) · Rheumatology · doi:10.1093/rheumatology/keag147 · Cited by 3
Adeli, K., Xiao, C., Higgins, V., Taher, J., Farr, S., & Lewis, G. F. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-824048-9.00002-x · Cited by 3
Self-citationHiggins, V., & Adeli, K. (2018) · Encyclopedia of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-801238-3.65897-x · Cited by 3
Repetti, G. G., Abel, E. D., Tontonoz, P., & Sallam, T. (2026) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.126.328680 · Cited by 2
Antidiabetic agents: Do they hit the right targets?
Zhao, Y., Zhang, X., Liang, H., & Wang, L. (2022) · Frigid Zone Medicine · doi:10.2478/fzm-2022-0030 · Cited by 2
Role of enterocytes in dyslipidemia of insulin-resistant states
Nogueira, J. P., & Brites, F. D. (2013) · Endocrinología y Nutrición (English Edition) · doi:10.1016/j.endoen.2012.06.011 · Cited by 2
Glucagon and the Glucagon-Like Peptides
Drucker, D. J. (2015) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-18907-1.00034-2 · Cited by 2
Optogenetic operated probiotics to regulate host metabolism by mimicking enteroendocrinePreprint
Zhang, X., Ma, N., Ling, W., Pang, G., Sun, T., Liu, J., Pan, H., Cui, M., Han, C., Yang, C., et al. (2021) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2021.11.30.470589 · Cited by 2
Lewis, G. F., & Mulvihill, E. E. (2024) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/dbi23-0036 · Cited by 1
Self-citationWang, R., Khan, M. A., Mukherjee, K., Ghanem, M., & Xiao, C. (2025) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2025.1549392 · Cited by 1
Self-citationAlicic, R. Z., & Neumiller, J. J. (2025) · Cardiology Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.ccl.2024.12.003 · Cited by 1
Rol del enterocito en la dislipemia de la resistencia insulínica
Nogueira, J. P., & Brites, F. D. (2012) · Endocrinología y Nutrición · doi:10.1016/j.endonu.2012.06.009 · Cited by 1
Reyes‐Soffer, G., & Ginsberg, H. N. (2015) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-28786-9.00035-9 · Cited by 1
Deshmukh, N., Kalshetti, M. S., Patil, M., Autade, P., & Sangle, G. V. (2024) · Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology · doi:10.1111/1440-1681.13854 · Cited by 1
Kurozumi, A., Okada, Y., Satoh, H., Inoue, I., Chimori, H., Akita, E., Shiraiwa, T., Fujitani, Y., Mita, T., Gosho, M., et al. (2018) · Endocrine Journal · doi:10.1507/endocrj.ej17-0386 · Cited by 1
Luminal Chemosensing and Mucosal Defenses in the Upper GI Tract
Akiba, Y., Said, H., & Kaunitz, J. D. (2018) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-809954-4.00030-x · Cited by 1
Ingestive Peptides – An Emerging Tool for Diagnostics and Therapeutics: A Review
(2021) · International Journal of Veterinary Science · doi:10.47278/journal.ijvs/2021.052 · Cited by 1
Lipid and lipoprotein metabolism, hypolipidemic agents, and therapeutic goals
Reyes‐Soffer, G., & Ginsberg, H. N. (2015) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118387658.ch17
Andréasson, S. (2015) · Epsilon Archive for Student Projects (University of Southampton)
Vergès, B. L. (2017) · Médecine des Maladies Métaboliques · doi:10.1016/s1957-2557(17)30055-x
Dropping in on Lipid Mobilization From the Gut
Davidson, N. O. (2018) · Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jcmgh.2018.10.014
Farr, S. (2017) · TSpace (University of Toronto)
Taher, J. (2017) · TSpace (University of Toronto)
Cardiorenal effects of newer antidiabetic agents
Papazafiropoulou, A. K., Georgopoulos, E., & Antonopoulos, S. (2020) · Journal of Atherosclerosis Prevention and Treatment · doi:10.53590/japt.02.1010
Uzunova, A., Chaneva, C., Boicheva, S., & Veicheva, V. (2004) · Comptes Rendus De L Academie Bulgare Des Sciences
Regional Intestinal Drug Absorption
Gonzalez-Alvarez, M. I., & Dahan, A. (2022) · MDPI eBooks · doi:10.3390/books978-3-0365-3657-6
Kanamarlapudi, V. (2020) · Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature · doi:10.3410/f.734616040.793572407
Yuliawati, Y., Fathurahman, A. T., Kusharyoto, W., & Ningrum, R. A. (2023) · AIP conference proceedings · doi:10.1063/5.0118377
Incretin-based therapies: Effects on plasma lipids and potential mechanisms
Syed‐Abdul, M. M., & Lewis, G. F. (2026) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2026.109057
Self-citationLipska, D., Suvitaival, T., Kienle, S. M., von Scholten, B. J., Ripa, R. S., Zobel, E. H., Størling, J., Blond, M. B., Ahluwalia, T. S., Hansen, T. W., et al. (2026) · medRxiv · doi:10.64898/2026.07.22.26358565
Šantić, R., Kumrić, M., Martinovic, L., Pavlović, N., Rizikalo, A., Vilović, M., Vrdoljak, J., & Božić, J. (2026) · Life · doi:10.3390/life16081298
Glucagon-like peptide-1 regulates lipid metabolism through actions in the gut and liver
Lewis, G. F., Feng, J. N., & Jin, T. (2026) · Metabolism and Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.metdis.2026.100023
Self-citationHow lipid ingestion is sensed: the mechanisms underlying intestinal hormone secretion
Santos-Hernández, M., Gribble, F. M., & Reimann, F. M. (2026) · Clinical Science · doi:10.1042/cs20250793
Cholesterol Absorption: Mechanisms, Regulation, and Therapeutic Targets
Abdalqadir, N., & Adeli, K. (2026) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-27658-3.00059-7
Metadata
- Authors
- Xiao, C., Bandsma, R. H. J., Dash, S., Szeto, L., & Lewis, G. F.
- Affiliations
- University Medical Center Groningen (NL)
- Venue
- Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
- Published
- 2012-06
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1513-1519
- ISSN
- 1079-5642 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4636
- OpenAlex
- W2100377339
- Cited by
- 164
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 12.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (publishedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipid metabolism and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Keywords
- exenatide, GLP-1 receptor agonists, triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, apolipoprotein B-48, apolipoprotein B-100, lipoprotein clearance, postprandial lipemia, type 2 diabetes, incretin-based therapy, hepatic lipoprotein production
- MeSH terms
- Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor, Exenatide, Adult, Apolipoproteins B, Blood Glucose, C-Peptide, Glucagon, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Insulin, Intestinal Mucosa, Intestines, Kinetics, Liver, Male, Models, Biological, Ontario, Peptides, Reference Values, Triglycerides, Venoms, Down-Regulation, Receptors, Glucagon, Postprandial Period, Apolipoprotein B-48, Apolipoprotein B-100
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
