The DOI matches its Crossref record; 37 of the 37 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Sudden Death and Defibrillators in Transposition of the Great Arteries With Intra-atrial Baffles: A Multicenter Study
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Transposition of the great arteries with intra-atrial baffle repair is among the congenital heart defects at highest risk of sudden death. Little is known about mechanisms of sudden death and the role of implantable cardioverter defibrillators. METHODS AND RESULTS: We conducted a multicenter cohort study in patients with transposition of the great arteries to determine actuarial rates of implantable cardioverter defibrillator shocks, identify risk factors, assess underlying arrhythmias, and characterize complications. Overall, 37 patients (age, 28.0+/-7.6 years; 89.2% male) were enrolled from 7 sites. Implantable cardioverter defibrillators were implanted for primary prevention in 23 (62.1%) patients and secondary prevention in 14 patients (37.8%). Annual rates of appropriate shocks were 0.5% and 6.0% in primary and secondary prevention, respectively (P=0.0366). Independent predictors were a secondary prevention indication (hazard ratio, 18.0; P=0.0341) and lack of beta-blockers (hazard ratio, 16.7; P=0.0301). In patients with appropriate shocks, intracardiac electrograms documented supraventricular tachycardia preceding or coexisting with ventricular tachycardia in 50%. No patient with inducible ventricular tachycardia received an appropriate shock in comparison with 37.5% of noninducible patients (P=0.0429). Inappropriate shocks occurred in 6.6% per year, more so in patients of lesser weight (hazard ratio, 0.91 per kg; P=0.0168). Additionally, 14 patients (37.8%) experienced complications: 5 (13.5%) acute, 1 (2.7%) late generator related, and 12 (32.4%) late lead related. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with transposition of the great arteries, high rates of appropriate shocks are noted in secondary but not primary prevention. Supraventricular arrhythmias may be implicated in the etiology of ventricular tachyarrhythmias; beta-blockers seem protective, and inducible ventricular tachycardia does not seem to predict future events. Inappropriate shocks and late lead-related complications are common.
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“Independent predictors for appropriate ICD shocks in multicentre cohort study of patients with transposition of the great arteries with intra-atrial baffle repair were, among others, lack of beta-blockers (hazard ratio, 16.7; P ¼ 0.0301).367”
From European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) consensus document on the management of supraventricular arrhythmias, endorsed by Heart Rhythm Society (HRS), Asia-Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS), and Sociedad Latinoamericana de Estimulacion Cardiaca y Electrofisiologia (SOLAECE) (2017) · cites this paper as [367]
In the citing paper
“Documented SVT preceded or coexisted with VT in 50% of patients with appropriate shocks.”
From European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) consensus document on the management of supraventricular arrhythmias, endorsed by Heart Rhythm Society (HRS), Asia-Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS), and Sociedad Latinoamericana de Estimulacion Cardiaca y Electrofisiologia (SOLAECE) (2017) · cites this paper as [367]
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“Abbreviations 1° indicates primary; 2°, secondary; AAD, antiarrhythmic dug; AAI, atrioventricular interval; ACA, aborted cardiac arrest; ACS, acute coronary syndrome; ADE, indicates adverse drug events; AF, atrial fibrillation; AMI, acute myocardial infarction; ARVC, arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy; AR…”
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“Medical Therapy Conclusive data on medical management of HF in patients with a systemic RV are lacking, despite the high incidence of late clinical HF and sudden death in this population.(117,148,158) Use of conventional HF medications may be problematic because of preexisting sinus node dysfunction, heart block, baff…”
BackgroundMethodInfluential2017 ACC/AHA/HRS Guideline for the Evaluation and Management of Patients With Syncope
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“a reasonable alternative because the risk of SCD is small and is seen mainly in children (254, 301, 306-309).”
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Venkatesh, P., Evans, A. T., Maw, A., Pashun, R. A., Patel, A. D., Kim, L., Feldman, D. N., Minutello, R. M., Wong, S. C., Stribling, J., et al. (2019) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.119.012932 · Cited by 52
“Two studies reported detailed patient-level data on ICD discharges.(8,47) While the study by Backhoff et al did not have a sufficiently high event rate to permit additional analysis, it reported the highest rate of appropriate discharges (1.”
BackgroundResultSudden death in adult congenital heart disease: Risk stratification in 2014
Walsh, E. P. (2014) · Heart Rhythm · doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2014.07.021 · Cited by 52
Atrial fibrillation in adults with congenital heart disease
Waldmann, V., Laredo, M., Abadir, S., Mondesert, B. A., & Khairy, P. (2019) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.01.079 · Cited by 53
Silka, M. J., & Bar‐Cohen, Y. (2012) · Pediatric Cardiology · doi:10.1007/s00246-012-0165-3 · Cited by 46
Silvetti, M. S., Pazzano, V., Verticelli, L., Battipaglia, I., Saputo, F. A., Albanese, S. B., Lovecchio, M., Valsecchi, S., & Drago, F. (2018) · EP Europace · doi:10.1093/europace/euy139 · Cited by 46
EHRA/HRS/APHRS expert consensus on ventricular arrhythmias
Pedersen, C. T., Kay, G. N., Kalman, J. M., Borggrefe, M., Bella, P. E. D., Dickfeld, T. M., Dorian, P., Huikuri, H. V., Kim, Y. D., Knight, B. P., et al. (2014) · Journal of Arrhythmia · doi:10.1016/j.joa.2014.08.001 · Cited by 44
“Multiple criteria should thus be used to determine which patients with VAs should undergo EPS, including symptoms, haemodynamic status, [281,282] and surgical history (flowchart/ Table 9) [269,278,283].”
BackgroundKhairy, P., Hare, G. F. V., Balaji, S., Berul, C. I., Cecchin, F., Cohen, M. I., Daniels, C. J., Deal, B. J., Dearani, J. A., de Groot, N. M. S., et al. (2014) · Heart Rhythm · doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2014.05.008 · Cited by 45
Bedair, R., Babu‐Narayan, S. V., Dimopoulos, K., Quyam, S., Doyle, A., Swan, L., Gatzoulis, M. Α., & Wong, T. (2014) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.12.028 · Cited by 43
Broberg, C. S., Valente, A. M., Huang, J. H., Burchill, L. J., Holt, J., Woerkom, R. C. V., Powell, A. J., Pantely, G. A., & Jerosch‐Herold, M. (2018) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.04.089 · Cited by 41
“[23–26] Beta-blockers may be protective of appropriate ICD shock in those with devices,[27] but there is as yet no demonstrated improvement in outcome from ICD implants,[27–30] despite being used in those with severely reduced systolic function who go on to eventual transplantation.”
BackgroundDextro-Transposition of the Great Arteries
Haeffele, C. L., & Lui, G. K. (2015) · Cardiology Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.ccl.2015.07.012 · Cited by 40
“One series documented a complication rate of almost 40%, indicating ICD placement in patients with D-TGA who have undergone an atrial switch must be done with caution.(30) Attempts to risk”
Sudden cardiac death in adult congenital heart disease: can the unpredictable be foreseen?
Koyak, Z., de Groot, J. R., Bouma, B. J., Zwinderman, A. H., Silversides, C. K., Oechslin, E. N., Budts, W., Gelder, I. C. V., Mulder, B. J. M., & Harris, L. (2016) · EP Europace · doi:10.1093/europace/euw060 · Cited by 39
Clinical research priorities in adult congenital heart disease
Cotts, T. B., Khairy, P., Opotowsky, A. R., John, A. S., Valente, A. M., Zaidi, A. N., Cook, S. C., Aboulhosn, J., Ting, J. G., Gurvitz, M. Z., et al. (2013) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.12.034 · Cited by 38
Heart failure treatment in adults with congenital heart disease: where do we stand in 2014?
Krieger, E. V., & Valente, A. M. (2014) · Heart · doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2014-305667 · Cited by 38
Arrhythmias in adults with congenital heart disease and heart failure
Bessière, F., Mondesert, B. A., Chaix, M., & Khairy, P. (2021) · Heart Rhythm O2 · doi:10.1016/j.hroo.2021.10.005 · Cited by 44
“Intriguing results suggest a protective role against sudden death in patients with TGA and Mustard or Senning baffles.(34) More conclusive studies are required, particularly in light of the frequent coexistence of sinus node dysfunction that may limit dose titration.”
Changing Epidemiology and Mortality in Adult Congenital Heart Disease: Looking Into the Future
Greutmann, M., & Tobler, D. (2012) · Future Cardiology · doi:10.2217/fca.12.6 · Cited by 38
Predicting sudden cardiac death in adults with congenital heart disease
Oliver, J. M., Gallego, P., Gonzalez, A. E., Ávila, P., Alonso, A., Garcia-Hamilton, D., Peinado, R., Dos, L., Pijuan‐Domenech, A., Rueda, J., et al. (2020) · Heart · doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2020-316791 · Cited by 37
Sudden cardiac death in adults with congenital heart disease
Yap, S., & Harris, L. (2009) · Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy · doi:10.1586/erc.09.153 · Cited by 35
Broberg, C. S., & Burchill, L. J. (2015) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.04.064 · Cited by 37
Recommendations for the use of electrophysiological study: Update 2018
Mureşan, L., Cismaru, G. L., Martins, R. P., Bataglia, A., Roşu, R., Puiu, M., Guşetu, G., Mada, R. O., Muresan, C., Ispas, D. R., et al. (2018) · Hellenic Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.hjc.2018.09.002 · Cited by 37
Diagnosis and treatment of right ventricular dysfunction in congenital heart disease
Santens, B., Bruaene, A. V. D., Meester, P. D., D’Alto, M., Reddy, S., Bernstein, D., Köestenberger, M., Hansmann, G., & Budts, W. (2020) · Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Therapy · doi:10.21037/cdt-20-370 · Cited by 36
“Khairy; 2008 (113) Multi-center retrospective cohort study TGA atrial switch 37 Beta-blockers 3 years Beta-blockade/no treatment Positive: Lack of betablockers predicts appropriate shocks in patients with AICD”
BackgroundGarside, H., Leyva, F., Hudsmith, L., Marshall, H. J., & de Bono, J. P. (2018) · Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology · doi:10.1111/pace.13537 · Cited by 35
Shen, W.-K., Sheldon, R. S., Benditt, D. G., Cohen, M. I., Forman, D. E., Goldberger, Z. D., Grubb, B. P., Hamdan, M. H., Krahn, A. D., Link, M. S., et al. (2017) · Heart Rhythm · doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2017.03.005 · Cited by 34
“, Mustard, Senning, Fontan, d tetralogy of Fallot).(665)”
BackgroundManagement of Heart Failure With Arrhythmia in Adults With Congenital Heart Disease
Moore, J. P., Marelli, A. J., Burchill, L. J., Chubb, H., Roche, S. L., Cedars, A. M., Khairy, P., Zaidi, A. N., Janoušek, J., Crossland, D. S., et al. (2022) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2022.09.038 · Cited by 35
Anguera, I., Dallaglio, P., Ruiz, R. M., Jiménez‐Candil, J., Peinado, R., García‐Seara, J., Arcocha, M. F., Herreros, B., Quesada, A., Hernández‐Madrid, A., et al. (2015) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2015.03.017 · Cited by 33
Chaix, M., Dore, A., Mercier, L., Mongeon, F., Marcotte, F., Ibrahim, R., Asgar, A., Shohoudi, A., Labombarda, F., Mondesert, B. A., et al. (2017) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.117.006481 · Cited by 33
“Moreover, associations between PH and heart failure, atrial arrhythmias, ventricular arrhythmias, sudden death, and thromboembolic complications have been well documented in other populations.(23)”
BackgroundPage, R. L., Joglar, J. A., Caldwell, M. A., Calkins, H. G., CONTI, J. B., Deal, B. J., Estes, N. A. M., Field, M. E., Goldberger, Z. D., Hammill, S. C., et al. (2015) · Heart Rhythm · doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2015.09.018 · Cited by 32
“Oral beta blockers or sotalol therapy can be useful for prevention of recurrent AT or atrial flutter in ACHD patients.(135,323,356)”
BackgroundGurvitz, M. Z., Krieger, E. V., Fuller, S., Davis, L. L., Kittleson, M. M., Aboulhosn, J., Bradley, E. A., Buber, J., Daniels, C. J., Dimopoulos, K., et al. (2025) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000001402 · Cited by 44
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“8%, respectively.(5,6) In contrast, a multicenter retrospective series from the Netherlands of 136 adult CHD patients reported an implant to a 30-day complication rate of 9% and noted that pocket hematomas were more frequent than lead dislodgment or pneumothorax.”
BackgroundChaix, M., Chergui, M., Leduc, C., & Khairy, P. (2019) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.02.026 · Cited by 30
Pacing and Defibrillators in Complex Congenital Heart Disease
Chubb, H., O'Neill, M. D., & Rosenthal, É. (2016) · Arrhythmia & Electrophysiology Review · doi:10.15420/aer.2016.2.3 · Cited by 29
“However, resynchronisation therapy cannot be performed via a coronary sinus lead, as the default ventricular lead position is already within the LV. CRT is therefore likely to require a hybrid epicardialendocardial approach, or baffle pucture with the long term risk of placement of a pacing lead within the systemic ve…”
BackgroundInfluentialImplantable cardioverter-defibrillators in congenital heart disease: 10 programming tips
Khairy, P., & Mansour, F. (2010) · Heart Rhythm · doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2010.10.046 · Cited by 29
“In patients with congenital heart disease, ATP as the first appropriate therapy was successful in 79% of cases.(1,3) Ranomized clinical trials in noncongenital patients have indiated no increased rate of syncope, death, or VT acceleraion.”
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Recent Advances in Adult Congenital Heart Disease
Gloan, L. L., Mercier, L., Dore, A., Marcotte, F., Ibrahim, R., Mongeon, F., Asgar, A., Miró, J., Poirier, N. C., & Khairy, P. (2011) · Circulation Journal · doi:10.1253/circj.cj-11-0601 · Cited by 28
Management of supraventricular arrhythmias in adults with congenital heart disease
Wasmer, K., & Eckardt, L. (2016) · Heart · doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2015-309068 · Cited by 28
Arrhythmias in Adults With Congenital Heart Disease: What the Practicing Cardiologist Needs to Know
Khairy, P. (2019) · Canadian Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.cjca.2019.07.009 · Cited by 27
Ohuchi, H., Kawata, M., Uemura, H., Akagi, T., Yao, A., Senzaki, H., Kasahara, S., Ichikawa, H., Motoki, H., Syoda, M., et al. (2022) · Circulation Journal · doi:10.1253/circj.cj-22-0134 · Cited by 29
Electrophysiology and Adult Congenital Heart Disease: Advances and Options
Abadir, S., & Khairy, P. (2011) · Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2010.07.003 · Cited by 27
Clinical Course Long After Atrial Switch: A Novel Risk Score for Major Clinical Events
Woudstra, O. I., Zandstra, T. E., Vogel, R. F., van Dijk, A. P. J., Vliegen, H. W., Kiès, P., Jongbloed, M. R. M., Egorova, A. D., Doevendans, P. A., Konings, T. C., et al. (2021) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.120.018565 · Cited by 25
“Supraventricular tachyarrhythmias and prolonged QRS duration, which have previously been associated with sudden death, 22,26,30,31 may also be acknowledged in the judgement for ICD therapy.”
Kella, D., Merchant, F. M., Veledar, E., Book, W., & Lloyd, M. S. (2014) · Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology · doi:10.1111/pace.12434 · Cited by 25
Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators in congenital heart disease
Mondesert, B. A., & Khairy, P. (2013) · Current Opinion in Cardiology · doi:10.1097/hco.0000000000000019 · Cited by 24
“In contrast, despite the relatively high incidence of SCD (roughly 5% per decade) in patients with TGA and atrial switch procedures (Mustard or Senning) [20–22], attempts to advance risk stratification schemes have yielded inconsistent results [9].”
BackgroundInfluentialHeart Transplantation in Congenital Heart Disease: In Whom to Consider and When?
Jost, C. H. A., Schmidt, D., Huebler, M., Balmer, C., Noll, G., Caduff, R. F., & Greutmann, M. (2013) · Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1155/2013/376027 · Cited by 26
Ablation of supraventricular arrhythmias in adult congenital heart disease: A contemporary review
Combes, N., Derval, N., Hascoët, S., Zhao, A., Amet, D., Bloa, M. L., Maltret, A., Heitz, F., Thambo, J., & Marijon, É. (2017) · Archives of cardiovascular diseases · doi:10.1016/j.acvd.2017.01.007 · Cited by 23
“SVAs with relatively slow ycle lengths can be conducted to the ventricle in a 1:1 ashion with poor tolerance [5].”
Metadata
- Authors
- Khairy, P., Harris, L., Landzberg, M. J., Fernandes, S. M., Barlow, A., Mercier, L.-A., Viswanathan, S., Chetaille, P., Gordon, E., Dore, A., & Cecchin, F.
- Affiliations
- Boston Children's Hospital (US)
- From the Canadian Adult Congenital Heart Network, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (P.K., L.H., A.B., L.A.M., P.C., E.G., A.D.); Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, United Kingdom (S.V., P.C.); and Children’s Hospital, Boston, Mass (P.K., M.J.L., S.M.F., F.C.).
- Venue
- Circulation Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology
- Published
- 2008-10
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 250-257
- ISSN
- 1941-3084 (ISSN-L)
- 1941-3149
- OpenAlex
- W2150135622
- Cited by
- 269
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 31 · 2017: 35 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 5.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Circulation Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Centre International de Recherche sur le Cancer
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Congenital Heart Disease Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac pacing and defibrillation studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Arrhythmias and Treatments
- Keywords
- transposition of the great arteries, sudden cardiac death, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, appropriate shocks, inappropriate shocks, supraventricular tachycardia, ventricular tachycardia, beta-blockers, lead complications, primary and secondary prevention, congenital heart disease, arrhythmia mechanisms
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Canada, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies, Tachycardia, Transposition of Great Vessels, United States, Incidence, Death, Sudden, Cardiac, Defibrillators, Implantable
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