Cited by 299Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular HealthInflammatory Biomarkers in Disease PrognosisCardiovascular Health and Risk Factors

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 38 of the 38 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

C-Reactive Protein and Reclassification of Cardiovascular Risk in the Framingham Heart Study

Open access

Wilson, Peter W.F., Pencina, Michael, Jacques, Paul, Selhub, Jacob, D'Agostino, Ralph, O'Donnell, Christopher J.·2008·Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes

DOI 10.1161/circoutcomes.108.831198PMC PMC3033831

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Background— The relationship of circulating levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, particularly with consideration of effects at intermediate levels of risk, has not been fully assessed. Methods and Results— Among 3006 offspring participants in the Framingham Heart Study free of CVD (mean age, 46 years at baseline), there were 129 hard coronary heart disease (CHD) events and 286 total CVD events during 12 years of follow-up. Cox regression, discrimination with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, and net reclassification improvement were used to assess the role of CRP on vascular risk. In an age-adjusted model that included both sexes, the hazard ratios for new hard CHD and total CVD were significantly associated with higher CRP levels. Similar analyses according to increasing homocysteine level showed significant protective associations for hard CHD but not for total CVD. In multivariable analyses that included age, sex, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, diabetes mellitus, current smoking, hypertension treatment, and homocysteine, the log CRP level remained significantly related to development of hard CHD and total CVD and provided moderate improvement in the discrimination of events. The net reclassification improvement when CRP was added to traditional factors was 5.6% for total CVD ( P =0.014) and 11.8% for hard CHD ( P =0.009). Conclusions— Circulating levels of CRP help to estimate risk for initial cardiovascular events and may be used most effectively in persons at intermediate risk for vascular events, offering moderate improvement in reclassification of risk.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1161/circoutcomes.108.831198

Cites

38 of 38 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Magnesium Replacement Improves the Metabolic Profile in Obese and Pre-Diabetic Patients with Mild-to-Moderate Chronic Kidney Disease: A 3-Month, Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study
Toprak, Ö., Kurt, H., Sarı, Y., Şarkış, C., Us, H., & Kırık, A. (2017) · Kidney & Blood Pressure Research · doi:10.1159/000468530 · Cited by 29,772
Summary of the second report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel II)
Grundy, S. M., Bilheimer, D. W., Chait, A., Clark, L. T., Denke, M. A., Havel, R. J., Hazzard, W. R., Hulley, S. B., Hunninghake, D. B., Kreisberg, R. A., et al. (1993) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.269.23.3015 · Cited by 27,944
Executive Summary of the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III)
Expert Panel on Detection, E. (2001) · JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association · doi:10.1001/jama.285.19.2486 · Cited by 26,011
Prediction of coronary heart disease using risk factor categories
Wilson, P. W. F., D’Agostino, R. B., Levy, D., Belanger, A. M., Silbershatz, H., & Kannel, W. B. (1998) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.97.18.1837 · Cited by 9,581
Self-citation
General Cardiovascular Risk Profile for Use in Primary Care: The Framingham Heart Study
D’Agostino, R. B., Vasan, R. S., Pencina, M. J., Wolf, P. A., Cobain, M., Massaro, J. M., & Kannel, W. B. (2008) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.107.699579 · Cited by 7,491
Self-citation
Evaluating the added predictive ability of a new marker: From area under the ROC curve to reclassification and beyond
Pencina, M. J., D' Agostino, R. B., D' Agostino, R. B., & Vasan, R. S. (2008) · Statistics in Medicine · doi:10.1002/sim.2929 · Cited by 6,493
Self-citation
Markers of Inflammation and Cardiovascular Disease: Application to Clinical and Public Health Practice: A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American Heart Association
Pearson, T. A., Mensah, G. A., Alexander, R. W., Anderson, J. L., Cannon, R. O., Criqui, M., Fadl, Y. Y., Fortmann, S. P., Hong, Y., Myers, G. L., et al. (2003) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000052939.59093.45 · Cited by 6,401
C-reactive protein and other markers of inflammation in the prediction of cardiovascular disease in women
Ridker, P. M., Hennekens, C. H., Buring, J. E., & Rifai, N. (2000) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm200003233421202 · Cited by 5,850
MARKERS OF INFLAMMATION AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE: APPLICATION TO CLINICAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH PRACTICE: A STATEMENT FOR HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS FROM THE CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION AND THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
PearsonT, A., MensahG, A., & AlexanderR, W. (2003) · Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/00008483-200305000-00016 · Cited by 2,937
Use and Misuse of the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve in Risk Prediction
Cook, N. R. (2007) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.106.672402 · Cited by 2,167

Show all 38 references

Research works printed but not linked: 6

10.1161/circ.97.18.1837 · DOI
10.1161/res.89.9.763 · DOI
10.1161/circ.100.3.230 · DOI
10.1161/circ.96.1.44 · DOI
10.1161/circ.104.15.1863 · DOI
Assmann G Schulte H Oberwittler W. New aspects in the prediction of coronary artery disease: the Prospective Cardiovascular Munster Study. In: Fidge NH Nestel PJ eds. Atherosclerosis VII. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1986: 19–24.

Sorted by citations

Items 101–200 of 298

Cardiovascular Risk Assessment
Pletcher, M. J., & Moran, A. E. (2017) · Medical Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2017.03.002 · Cited by 42
Use and Customization of Risk Scores for Predicting Cardiovascular Events Using Electronic Health Record Data
Wolfson, J. A., Vock, D. M., Bandyopadhyay, S., Kottke, T. E., Vazquez‐Benitez, G., Johnson, P., Adomavičius, G., & O’Connor, P. J. (2017) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.116.003670 · Cited by 35
Evaluating the clinical usefulness of platelet function testing: Considerations for the proper application and interpretation of performance measures
Price, M. J., Parise, H., Gurbel, P. A., & Dahlen, J. R. (2012) · Thrombosis and Haemostasis · doi:10.1160/th12-08-0608 · Cited by 33
Effects of HDL-modifiers on cardiovascular outcomes: A meta-analysis of randomized trials
Verdoia, M., Schaffer, A., Suryapranata, H., & Luca, G. D. (2014) · Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2014.09.003 · Cited by 33
Risk Factors for Near-Term Myocardial Infarction in Apparently Healthy Men and Women
Nordestgaard, B. G., Adourian, A. S., Freiberg, J., Guo, Y. F., Muntendam, P., & Falk, E. (2010) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1373/clinchem.2009.139964 · Cited by 32
Continuous positive airway pressure improves blood pressure and serum cardiovascular biomarkers in obstructive sleep apnoea and hypertension
Lui, M. M., Tse, H., Lam, D. C.-L., Lau, K. K., Chan, C. W., & Ip, M. (2021) · European Respiratory Journal · doi:10.1183/13993003.03687-2020 · Cited by 34
Vitamin D status and circulating biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and inflammation in non-diabetic obese individuals: a pilot study
Ilinčić, B., Stokić, E., Stosić, Z., Kojić, N. E., Katsiki, N., Mikhailidis, D. P., & Isenović, E. R. (2016) · Archives of Medical Science · doi:10.5114/aoms.2016.61812 · Cited by 32
“hsCRP is regarded as a better marker of CVD than soluble adhesion molecules, cytokines and other acute-phase reactants [42].”
Background
Circulating biomarkers to identify cardiometabolic complications in patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A systematic review
Peres, B. U., Allen, A. H., Fox, N., Laher, I., Hanly, P. J., Skomro, R., Almeida, F. R., & Ayas, N. (2018) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2018.12.004 · Cited by 31
The Use of Risk-Enhancing Factors to Personalize ASCVD Risk Assessment: Evidence and Recommendations from the 2018 AHA/ACC Multi-Society Cholesterol Guidelines
Agarwala, A., Liu, J., Ballantyne, C. M., & Virani, S. S. (2019) · Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports · doi:10.1007/s12170-019-0616-y · Cited by 30
IgG N-Glycosylation Is Altered in Coronary Artery Disease
Radovani, B., Vučković, F., Maggioni, A. P., Ferrannini, E., Lauc, G., & Gudelj, I. (2023) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom13020375 · Cited by 30
Outcomes Research
Krumholz, H. M. (2009) · Circulation Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes · doi:10.1161/circoutcomes.108.844035 · Cited by 30
El síndrome de apneas-hipopneas durante el sueño en edades avanzadas
Martínez‐García, M. Á., Durán‐Cantolla, J., & Montserrat, J. M. (2010) · Archivos de Bronconeumología · doi:10.1016/s1579-2129(10)70116-6 · Cited by 39
“61 Similarly, in a group of 851 patients (58.5% women) with a mean age of 68 years, Roche et al. recently observed a significant correlation between the CRP value and the presence of an oxyhaemoglobin desaturation index (ODI) > 10, but not with AHI.”
Influential
Reclassification of Cardiovascular Risk in Patients With Normal Myocardial Perfusion Imaging Using Heart Rate Response to Vasodilator Stress
Iqbal, F. M., Jaroudi, W. A. A., Sanam, K., Sweeney, A., Heo, J., Iskandrian, A. E., & Hage, F. G. (2012) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2012.09.013 · Cited by 29
The ESC Textbook of Preventive Cardiology
Nixdorff, U., Achenbach, S., Bengel, F., Faggiano, P., Fernández, S., Heiß, C., Mengden, T., Mureddu, F., Nagel, E. C., Püntmann, V. O., et al. (2015) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med/9780199656653.001.0001 · Cited by 31
Association between serum level of C-reactive protein and risk of cardiovascular events based on cohort studies
Yang, X., Zhang, D., Zhao, Y., Liu, D., Li, Q., Guo, C., Tian, G., Han, M., Qie, R., Huang, S., et al. (2021) · Journal of Human Hypertension · doi:10.1038/s41371-021-00546-z · Cited by 29
The Jupiter study, CRP screening, and aggressive statin therapy-implications for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease
KONES, R. J. (2009) · Therapeutic Advances in Cardiovascular Disease · doi:10.1177/1753944709337056 · Cited by 29
“…Jupiter trial, released online after Jupiter results became available, Wilson and coworkers, using data from the 3006 patients in the Framingham Heart Offspring Study [Wilson et al. 2008], investigated the potential benefit from adding CRP levels to prediction equations investigating vascular risk.”
Method
Measuring hsCRP—An Important Part of a Comprehensive Risk Profile or a Clinically Redundant Practice?
McCormack, J. P., & Allan, G. M. (2010) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000196 · Cited by 28
“6% of patients would end up being reclassified [17].”
Background
New directions in cardiovascular risk assessment: the role of secondary risk stratification markers
Wierzbicki, A. S. (2012) · International Journal of Clinical Practice · doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2012.02956.x · Cited by 26
Major Depressive Disorder, Anxiety Disorders, and Cardiac Biomarkers in Subjects at High Risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Einvik, G., Hrubos-Strøm, H., Randby, A., Nordhus, I., Somers, V., Omland, T., & Dammen, T. (2011) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0b013e318219e64e · Cited by 25
“Nevertheless, it is worth noting that, irrespective of mechanism, the CRP levels may place these patients in a higher cardiovascular risk group (24).”
Background
Current Treatment of Dyslipidemia: Evolving Roles of Non-Statin and Newer Drugs
KONES, R. J., & Rumana, U. (2015) · Drugs · doi:10.1007/s40265-015-0429-3 · Cited by 26
“adds as much to CV risk prediction as either total cholesterol or HDL-C [257, 258].”
Background
Prognostic Value of C-Reactive Protein in Resistant Hypertension
Cortez, A. F., Muxfeldt, E. S., Cardoso, C. R. L., & Salles, G. F. (2016) · American Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1093/ajh/hpw011 · Cited by 25
“Abdominal circumference, cm 100 (12) 98 (11) 103 (12) <0.”
Impact of nutritional index on contrast-associated acute kidney injury and mortality after percutaneous coronary intervention
Han, M., Lee, H. W., Lee, H. C., Kim, H. J., Seong, E. Y., & Song, S. H. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-86680-7 · Cited by 23
Lymphocyte to High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio is Positively Associated with Pre-diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome, and Non-traditional Cardiometabolic Risk Markers: A Cross-sectional Study at Secondary Health Care
Cândido, F. G., da Silva, A., Zanirate, G. A., Oliveira, N. M. C. E., & Hermsdorff, H. H. M. (2024) · Inflammation · doi:10.1007/s10753-024-02063-w · Cited by 22
The combination of abdominal obesity and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein predicts new-onset hypertension in the general Japanese population: the Tanno–Sobetsu study
Fujii, M., Ohnishi, H., Saitoh, S., Akasaka, H., Miura, T., & Mori, M. (2015) · Hypertension Research · doi:10.1038/hr.2015.27 · Cited by 22
Using Stress Testing to Guide Primary Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease Among Intermediate-Risk Patients
Galper, B. Z., Moran, A. E., Coxson, P. G., Pletcher, M. J., Heidenreich, P. A., Lazar, L. D., Rodondi, N., Wang, Y. C., & Goldman, L. (2011) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.111.041293 · Cited by 22
Effects of additional blood pressure and lipid measurements on the prediction of cardiovascular risk
Bell, K., Hayen, A. D., McGeechan, K., Neal, B. C., & Irwig, L. (2011) · European Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1177/1741826711424494 · Cited by 22
Cardiovascular risk and aging: the need for a more comprehensive understanding.
Majnarić, L. T., Bosnić, Z., Kurevija, T., & Wittlinger, T. (2021) · PubMed Central · doi:10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2021.06.004 · Cited by 22
“One advantage of such models is their good uptake in practice, in particular when they are presented visually, as a chart, or an on-line calculator.([18,19]) On the other hand, the limited number of variables mean that the model is unable to represent interindividual variations in CV risk factors accurately, which res…”
Background
Prognostic value, clinical effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein as a marker for major cardiac events in asymptomatic individuals: A health technology assessment report
Schnell‐Inderst, P., Schwarzer, R., Göhler, A., Grandi, N. C., Grabein, K., Stollenwerk, B., Manne‐Goehler, J., Klauß, V., Siebert, U., & Wasem, J. (2010) · International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care · doi:10.1017/s0266462309990870 · Cited by 21
“Prediction studies published after the literature search for this HTA report was conducted showed similar results (36;44) or did not find an association of hs-CRP with cardiovascular events (27).”
MethodResult
Relationships among changes in C-reactive protein and cardiovascular disease risk factors with lifestyle interventions
Young, D. R., Camhi, S. M., Wu, T.-Y., Hagberg, J. M., & Stefanick, M. L. (2012) · Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2012.05.003 · Cited by 23
“8% improvement in predicting coronary heart disease outcomes [23].”
Background
Diagnosis of Coronary Heart Diseases Using Gene Expression Profiling; Stable Coronary Artery Disease, Cardiac Ischemia with and without Myocardial Necrosis
Kazmi, N., & Gaunt, T. R. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149475 · Cited by 20
“BNP, CRP and other serum inflammatory markers are also considered as cardiovascular biomarkers but they have only made an incremental improvement to diagnosis [6,7, 8].”
Background
Sex‐specific biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease progression: Framingham Heart Study
Liu, C., Li, Y., Nwosu, A., Ang, T. F. A., Liu, Y., Devine, S., Au, R., & Doraiswamy, P. M. (2022) · Alzheimer s & Dementia Diagnosis Assessment & Disease Monitoring · doi:10.1002/dad2.12369 · Cited by 19
Coronary atherosclerosis in outlier subjects at the opposite extremes of traditional risk factors: Rationale and preliminary results of the Coronary Atherosclerosis in outlier subjects: Protective and novel Individual Risk factors Evaluation (CAPIRE) study
Magnoni, M., Andreini, D., Gorini, M., Moccetti, T., Modena, M. G., Canestrari, M., Berti, S. L., Casolo, G., Gabrielli, D., Marraccini, P., et al. (2015) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2015.11.017 · Cited by 20
Association of high sensitivity C-reactive protein and abdominal aortic aneurysm: a meta-analysis and systematic review
Wang, Y., Shen, G., Wang, H., Yao, Y., Sun, Q., Jing, B., Liu, G., Wu, J. H., Yuan, C., Liu, S., et al. (2017) · Current Medical Research and Opinion · doi:10.1080/03007995.2017.1354825 · Cited by 20
“Since association of hsCRP with the incidence of coronary heart disease and CVD has been welldocumented [12], it is reasonable to hypothesize that the role of hsCRP as potential biomarker of AAA may be validated only for the patients with coronary heart disease and CVD.”
Background
Between risk charts and imaging: how should we stratify cardiovascular risk in clinical practice?
Mureddu, G. F., Brandimarte, F., Faggiano, P. M., Rigo, F., & Nixdorff, U. (2013) · European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging · doi:10.1093/ehjci/jes297 · Cited by 20
Reproducibility in Serial C-Reactive Protein and Interleukin-6 Measurements in Post–Myocardial Infarction Patients: Results from the AIRGENE Study
Karakas, M., Baumert, J., Greven, S., Rückerl, R., Peters, A., & Köenig, W. (2010) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1373/clinchem.2010.143719 · Cited by 19
Coronary Risk Assessment by Point-Based vs. Equation-Based Framingham Models: Significant Implications for Clinical Care
Gordon, W. J., Polansky, J. M., Boscardin, W. J., Fung, K. Z., & Steinman, M. A. (2010) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11606-010-1454-2 · Cited by 18
Cardiovascular risk in patients with small and medium abdominal aortic aneurysms, and no history of cardiovascular disease
Sohrabi, S., Wheatcroft, S. B., Barth, J. H., Bailey, M. A., Johnson, A., Bridge, K., Griffin, K. J., Baxter, P. D., & Scott, D. J. A. (2014) · British journal of surgery · doi:10.1002/bjs.9567 · Cited by 18
The SHAPE Guideline: Ahead of Its Time or Just in Time?
Falk, E., & Shah, P. K. (2011) · Current Atherosclerosis Reports · doi:10.1007/s11883-011-0195-y · Cited by 18
“(Data from Naghavi et al. for SHAPE Task Force [10]) The Framingham Heart Study has provided critical information about risk factors for CHD, many of them modifiable and targets of treatment [29].”
Innovative Approaches to Assess Intermediate Cardiovascular Risk Subjects: A Review From Clinical to Metabolomics Strategies
Martins, A. M. A., Paiva, M. U. B., Paiva, D. V. N., de Oliveira, R. M., Machado, H. L., Alves, L. J. S. R., Picossi, C. R. C., Faccio, A. T., Tavares, M. F. M., Barbas, C., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2021.788062 · Cited by 18
Novel Treatments for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention
Huffman, M. D., & Bhatnagar, D. (2011) · Cardiovascular Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/j.1755-5922.2011.00280.x · Cited by 17
“High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) is independently associated with coronary heart disease and CVD events and moderately improves risk prediction, particularly for intermediate risk patients [48].”
Background
Vitamin D status & associations with inflammation in older adults
Laird, E. J., O’Halloran, A. M., Molloy, A. M., Healy, M., Bourke, N. M., & Kenny, R. A. (2023) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0287169 · Cited by 16
Atherosclerotic Biomarkers and Aortic Atherosclerosis by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Framingham Heart Study
Hong, S. N., Gona, P. N., Fontes, J. D., Oyama, N., Chan, R. H. M., Kenchaiah, S., Tsao, C. W., Yeon, S. B., Schnabel, R. B., Keaney, J. F., et al. (2013) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.113.000307 · Cited by 16
Self-citation
Circulating, Imaging, and Genetic Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Risk Prediction
Ge, Y., & Wang, T. J. (2011) · Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.tcm.2012.03.007 · Cited by 16
“Investigators from the Physicians’ Health Study and the Framingham Heart Study reported significant NRIs of 5.3% and 5.6%, respectively, whereas investigators from the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study found a nonsignificant NRI (Melander et al. 2009, Ridker et al. 2008b, Wilson et al. 2008).”
Influential
Should apolipoprotein B replace LDL cholesterol as therapeutic targets are lowered?
Meeusen, J. W., Donato, L. J., & Jaffe, A. S. (2016) · Current Opinion in Lipidology · doi:10.1097/mol.0000000000000313 · Cited by 17
Effect of Elevated C-Reactive Protein Level at Discharge on Long-Term Outcome in Patients Hospitalized for Acute Heart Failure
Minami, Y., Kajimoto, K., Sato, N., & Hagiwara, N. (2018) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2017.12.046 · Cited by 16
Quantifying Cardiometabolic Risk Using Modifiable Non–Self-Reported Risk Factors
Marino, M., Li, Y., Pencina, M. J., D’Agostino, R. B., Berkman, L. F., & Buxton, O. M. (2014) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2014.03.006 · Cited by 15
Self-citation
Evidence of Lung Function for Stratification of Cardiovascular Disease Risk
Lee, H. M., Truong, S. T., & Wong, N. D. (2011) · Korean Circulation Journal · doi:10.4070/kcj.2011.41.4.171 · Cited by 15
The association between work stress and inflammatory biomarkers in J ordanian male workers
Almadi, T., Cathers, I., Hamdan‐Mansour, A. M., & Chow, C. M. (2011) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.2011.01296.x · Cited by 14
Cardiovascular disease screening
Duffy, J. Y., & Hameed, A. B. (2015) · Seminars in Perinatology · doi:10.1053/j.semperi.2015.05.004 · Cited by 14
Progression to Cirrhosis Leads to Improvement in Atherogenic Milieu
Patel, S. S., Siddiqui, M. B., Chandrakumaran, A., Rodríguez, V., Faridnia, M., Roman, J. H., Zhang, E. D., Patrone, M. V., Kakiyama, G., Walker, C. H., et al. (2020) · Digestive Diseases and Sciences · doi:10.1007/s10620-020-06196-4 · Cited by 15
The role of noninvasive imaging in promoting cardiovascular health
Fuster, V., & Vahl, T. P. (2010) · Journal of Nuclear Cardiology · doi:10.1007/s12350-010-9264-9 · Cited by 14
Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk
Cooney, M. T., Cooney, H. C., Dudina, A. L., & Graham, I. M. (2010) · Current Hypertension Reports · doi:10.1007/s11906-010-0143-1 · Cited by 15
Outcomes After Coronary Artery Calcium and Other Cardiovascular Biomarker Testing Among Asymptomatic Medicare Beneficiaries
Shreibati, J. B., Baker, L. C., McConnell, M. V., & Hlatky, M. A. (2014) · Circulation Cardiovascular Imaging · doi:10.1161/circimaging.113.001869 · Cited by 14
The Gravity of JUPITER (Justification for the Use of Statins in Primary Prevention: An Intervention Trial Evaluating Rosuvastatin)
O’Keefe, J. H., Carter, M. D., Lavie, C. J., & Bell, D. S. H. (2009) · Postgraduate Medicine · doi:10.3810/pgm.2009.05.2010 · Cited by 18
Plasma P-selectin Predicts Long-term Cardiovascular Events in Hospitalized Patients with Suspected Coronary Artery Disease and Preserved Left Ventricular Function: A 10-Year Follow-Up Study
Wang, C., Chen, W.-S., Chen, S., Cherng, W., Lee, C.-C., & Liu, M. (2013) · Biomedical Journal · doi:10.4103/2319-4170.113231 · Cited by 13
“High‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP) and fibrinogen levels have been demon‐ strated to be good biomarkers of cardiovascular risks.([5,6]) Troponin‐I (TnI) also has well‐known prognostic and diagnostic values.”
Background
Association between erectile dysfunction and echocardiographic variables of ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic function in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross‐sectional study 在合并2型糖尿病的高血压患者中勃起功能障碍与心室肥厚以及舒张功能超声心动图变量之间的关系：一项横断面研究
Severo, M. D., Leiria, L. F., Ledur, P. D. S., Becker, A. D., Aguiar, F. M., Massierer, D., Gus, M., & Schaan, B. D. (2014) · Journal of Diabetes · doi:10.1111/1753-0407.12133 · Cited by 13
Untreated Obstructive Sleep Apnea Is Associated With Myocardial Injury Independent of Blood Pressure Control in Hypertension
Lui, M. M., Tse, H., Mak, J., Lam, D. C.-L., Chan, C., Chong, P., & Ip, M. (2018) · Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine · doi:10.5664/jcsm.7476 · Cited by 12
“39 CRP is also an established predictor of cardiovascular disease, 40 and recent literature has advocated the benefit of anti-inflammatory therapy in atherosclerotic disease.”
Plethysmographic and Biochemical Markers in the Diagnosis of Endothelial Dysfunction in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Survivors – New Applications
MASOPUSTOVÁ, A., JEHLIČKA, P., Huml, M., Votava, T., Trefil, L., Kreslová, M., & Sýkora, J. (2018) · Physiological Research · doi:10.33549/physiolres.933754 · Cited by 13
“Its elevated level is a predictive factor of morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular events in apparently healthy individuals, regardless of conventional risk factors (Wilson et al. 2008).”
Left Atrial Function in Mitral Regurgitation
Bonow, R. O. (2014) · JACC. Cardiovascular imaging · doi:10.1016/j.jcmg.2014.01.009 · Cited by 13
“Examples of this effect include C-reactive protein and coronary calcium scoring in reclassifying the risk of coronary heart disease events beyond the Framingham risk score (11,12).”
Background
Strategies for the Prevention of Coronary Artery Disease Complications: Can We Do Better?
Ambrose, J. A., & Najafi, A. (2018) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2018.04.006 · Cited by 12
Great debate: lipid-lowering therapies should be guided by vascular imaging rather than by circulating biomarkers
Tokgözoğlu, L. S., Morrow, D. A., & Nicholls, S. J. (2023) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehad275 · Cited by 12
Biomarkers and mechanisms of early vascular damage
Добрынина, Л. А., Gnedovskaya, E. V., Шабалина, А. А., Sergeeva, A. N., Kravchenko, M. A., & Nikolaeva, N. S. (2018) · S S Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry · doi:10.17116/jnevro201811812223 · Cited by 12
“СРБ признан независимым фактором риска сосудистых заболеваний [32, 33].”
Total cardiovascular disease risk assessment
Cooney, M. T., Cooney, H. C., Dudina, A. L., & Graham, I. M. (2011) · Current Opinion in Cardiology · doi:10.1097/hco.0b013e3283499f06 · Cited by 13
Exploring the Complexity of Cardiometabolic Risk in Women
Robins, J. L. W., McCain, N. L., & Elswick, R. K. (2011) · Biological Research For Nursing · doi:10.1177/1099800411398652 · Cited by 12
Prediction of Cardiovascular Disease Events
Wilson, P. W. F. (2010) · Cardiology Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.ccl.2010.10.004 · Cited by 13
Self-citation
Evaluating the Prognostic Value of New Cardiovascular Biomarkers
Wood, A., & Greenland, P. (2009) · Disease Markers · doi:10.1155/2009/412947 · Cited by 11
Heat Therapy: Targeting Health, Disease, and Disability
Richey, R. E., Hyldahl, R. D., Kaiser, B. W., Geiger, P. C., Halliwill, J. R., & Minson, C. T. (2026) · Comprehensive physiology · doi:10.1002/cph4.70089 · Cited by 11
Diagnosis and management of cardiovascular risk in rheumatoid arthritis: main challenges and research agenda
Atzeni, F., Maiani, S., Corda, M., & Rodríguez‐Carrio, J. (2023) · Expert Review of Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1080/1744666x.2023.2170351 · Cited by 10
“predict CVD occurrence in the general population [122] and”
Background
Pretransplantation Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agent Hyporesponsiveness Is Associated with Increased Kidney Allograft Failure and Mortality
Costa, N. A., Kshirsagar, A. V., Wang, L., Detwiler, R. K., & Brookhart, M. A. (2013) · Transplantation · doi:10.1097/tp.0b013e3182a0f668 · Cited by 10
Polygenic risk score in comparison with C-reactive protein for predicting incident coronary heart disease
Aday, A. W., Bagheri, M., Vaitinadin, N. S., Mosley, J. D., & Wang, T. J. (2023) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2023.117194 · Cited by 9
Risk Markers for Atherothrombotic Disease
Ridker, P. M., & Libby, P. (2012) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-1-4377-0398-6.00044-5 · Cited by 10
C-reactive Protein Level, Apolipoprotein B-to-apolipoprotein A-1 Ratio, and Risks of Ischemic Stroke and Coronary Heart Disease among Inner Mongolians in China.
Tian, Y. F., Zhou, Y., Zhong, C. K., Batu, B., Xu, T., Li, H. M., Zhang, M. Z., Wang, A. L., & Zhang, Y. (2016) · PubMed · doi:10.3967/bes2016.062 · Cited by 10
Genetic determinants of increased body mass index mediate the effect of smoking on increased risk for type 2 diabetes but not coronary artery disease
Thom, C. S., Ding, Z., Levin, M. G., Damrauer, S. M., Lee, K. M., Lynch, J. A., Chang, K., Tsao, P. S., Cho, K., Wilson, P. W. F., et al. (2020) · Human Molecular Genetics · doi:10.1093/hmg/ddaa193 · Cited by 10
“However, smoking also impacts inflammatory processes (8,9) and a number of cardiometabolic traits, including obesity, blood pressure and heart disease (10–12).”
BackgroundSelf-citation
LASSO Regression Analysis: Applications in Dyslipidemia and Cardiovascular Disease Research
Kwak, S. G. (2025) · Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis · doi:10.12997/jla.2025.14.3.289 · Cited by 9
“1,2 To prevent and effectively manage these diseases, it is necessary to analyze and predict relevant risk factors, which has led to the adoption of various statistical models and machine learning approaches.”
Diretriz Brasileira de Dislipidemias e Prevenção da Aterosclerose – 2025
Rached, F. H., Miname, M. H., Rocha, V. Z., Zimerman, A., Cesena, F. Y., Sposito, A. C., Santos, R. D., Behr, P. E. B., Bianco, H. T., Alves, R. J., et al. (2025) · Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia · doi:10.36660/abc.20250640 · Cited by 42
Association between coronary artery calcium and all-cause mortality: A large single-center retrospective cohort study
Wang, M.-C., Lin, C., Chiang, H., Chen, H.-L., Tsai, H.-C., Lin, W., Ho, H.-C., & Kuo, C. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0276659 · Cited by 9
The impact of a needs-oriented dental prophylaxis program on bacteremia after toothbrushing and systemic inflammation in children, adolescents, and young adults with chronic kidney disease
Höfer, K. C., Turnowsky, A., Ehren, R., Taylan, C., Plum, G., Witte, H., Noack, M. J., & Weber, L. T. (2021) · Pediatric Nephrology · doi:10.1007/s00467-021-05153-1 · Cited by 10
Commentary: C-reactive protein and risk prediction--moving beyond associations to assessing predictive utility and clinical usefulness
Vasan, R. S. (2009) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dyn353 · Cited by 9
Lipoprotein(a) and Heart Failure Among Black and White Participants in Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, Framingham Offspring Study, and Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis: The Pooling Project
Nomura, S. J. O., Guan, W., Zhang, Y., Tison, G. H., Ikezaki, H., Diffenderfer, M. R., Liu, C., Hoogeveen, R. C., Ballantyne, C. M., Schaefer, E. J., et al. (2025) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.124.038608 · Cited by 8
Utility of metabolic syndrome as a risk enhancing factor in decision of statin use
Vega, G. L., Wang, J., & Grundy, S. M. (2021) · Journal of clinical lipidology · doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2021.01.012 · Cited by 8
Should We Focus on Novel Risk Markers and Screening Tests to Better Predict and Prevent Cardiovascular Disease?
Enriquez, J. R., & de Lemos, J. A. (2010) · Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1111/j.1751-7141.2010.00080.x · Cited by 8
JUPITER: major implications for vascular risk assessment
Τζιόμαλος, Κ., Athyros, V. G., Karagiannis, A. I., & Mikhailidis, D. P. (2008) · Current Medical Research and Opinion · doi:10.1185/03007990802643557 · Cited by 8
Ischemic Heart Disease Risk and Remnant Cholesterol Levels
Wilson, P. W. F., & Remaley, A. T. (2022) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2022.04.016 · Cited by 7
Self-citation
THE INFLUENCE OF A NEW RUTIN DERIVATIVE ON HOMOCYSTEINE, CHOLESTEROL AND TOTAL ANTIOXIDATIVE STATUS IN EXPERIMENTAL DIABETES IN RAT
Albu, E., Filip, C., Zamosteanu, N., & Popa, G. T. (2013) · Cited by 7
C-reactive protein and coronary heart disease - risk marker or risk factor?
Davis, F. J., Vidyasagar, S., & Maiya, G. A. (2012) · The Journal of Clinical and Scientific Research · doi:10.15380/2277-5706.jcsr.12.040 · Cited by 7
Inflammation in atherosclerosis: a Big Idea that has underperformed so far
Williams, K. J. (2025) · Current Opinion in Lipidology · doi:10.1097/mol.0000000000000973 · Cited by 9
Novel Association of High C-Reactive Protein Levels and A69S at Risk Alleles in Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration Women
Fernández‐Robredo, P., Recalde, S., Hernández, M., Zarranz‐Ventura, J., Molins, B., Casaroli-Marano, R. P., Adán, A., Sáenz-de-Viteri, M., & García‐Layana, A. (2018) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.01862 · Cited by 7
“Logarithmic transformations were used for CRP for analyses with continuous variables in order to decrease the effect of extreme observations (25).”
Method
Association of Inflammatory and Hemostatic Parameters With Values of High Sensitive Troponin in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome
Mustafić, S., Ibralić, A. M., & Lončar, D. (2022) · Medical Archives · doi:10.5455/medarh.2022.76.84-89 · Cited by 7
C-reactive protein accelerates DRP1-mediated mitochondrial fission by modulating ERK1/2-YAP signaling in cardiomyocytes
Jin, S., Lee, C. J., Lim, G., Park, S., Lee, S., Chung, J. H., Oh, J., & Kang, S. (2023) · BMB Reports · doi:10.5483/bmbrep.2023-0127 · Cited by 7
Alteration of Some Inflammatory Biomarkers by Dietary Oxysterols in Rats
Soto-Rodríguez, I., Alexander-Aguilera, A., Zamudio-Pérez, A., Cámara‐Contreras, M., Díaz, G. H., & Garcia, H. S. (2012) · Inflammation · doi:10.1007/s10753-012-9442-9 · Cited by 7
Usefulness of a Coronary Artery Disease Predictive Algorithm to Predict Global Risk for Cardiovascular Disease and Acute Coronary Syndrome
Younus, M., Fan, W., Harrington, D. S., & Wong, N. D. (2018) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2018.11.044 · Cited by 7
Association of calcified carotid atheromas visualized on panoramic images and aortic arch calcifications seen on chest radiographs of postmenopausal women
Friedlander, A. H., El-Saden, S. M., Aghazadehsanai, N., Chang, T. I., Harada, N. D., & Garrett, N. R. (2014) · The Journal of the American Dental Association · doi:10.14219/jada.2013.46 · Cited by 7
Comparison of ambulatory blood pressure-lowering effects of higher doses of different calcium antagonists in uncontrolled hypertension: the Calcium Antagonist Controlled-Release High-Dose Therapy in Uncontrolled Refractory Hypertensive Patients (CARILLON) Study
Mizuno, H., Hoshide, S., Tomitani, N., & Kario, K. (2017) · Blood Pressure · doi:10.1080/08037051.2017.1329623 · Cited by 8
Inhibition of the RANKL with denosumab has no effect on circulating markers of atherosclerosis in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis: a pilot study
Cipriani, C., Piemonte, S., Colangelo, L., Martino, V. D., Diacinti, D., Ferrone, F., Piazzolla, V., Fassino, V., Nieddu, L., Minisola, S., et al. (2020) · Endocrine · doi:10.1007/s12020-020-02483-2 · Cited by 7
From circulating biomarkers to genomics and imaging in the prediction of cardiovascular events in the general population
Fava, C., Montagnana, M., Guidi, G. C., & Melander, O. (2011) · Annals of Medicine · doi:10.3109/07853890.2011.582511 · Cited by 6
“However, some of the same studies found that when CRP is taken into account, either by itself or along with other biomarkers, the reclassification of subjects measured as NRI is significantly increased (9,18,22,26,41,45), suggesting that CRP can be useful in changing the Framingham risk category of selected individual…”
What is the evidence? A call for scientific rigor
Gibbons, R. J. (2016) · Journal of Nuclear Cardiology · doi:10.1007/s12350-016-0738-2 · Cited by 6
Rôle de l’homocystéine en pathologie
de jaeger, C., Fraoucene, N., Voronska, E., & Cherin, P. (2010) · Médecine & longévité · doi:10.1016/j.mlong.2010.03.002 · Cited by 6
The new era of risk reclassification in cardiovascular imaging
Shaw, L. J. (2011) · Journal of Nuclear Cardiology · doi:10.1007/s12350-011-9387-7 · Cited by 6
Epicardial adipose tissue volume, compositional plaque progression, and vulnerability in nonobstructive coronary artery disease
Khan, I., Hondros, C. A. B., Hanseth, S., Pedersen, E. R., Hovland, S., Larsen, T. H., & Lønnebakken, M. T. (2025) · Coronary Artery Disease · doi:10.1097/mca.0000000000001539 · Cited by 5
Diseases of the blood vessels and thrombosis
Stocco, F., & Bailey, M. A. (2024) · Surgery (Oxford) · doi:10.1016/j.mpsur.2024.02.011 · Cited by 6

Authors: Wilson, P. W. F., Pencina, M., Jacques, P., Selhub, J., D'Agostino, R., & O'Donnell, C. J.
Affiliations: Boston University (US)
From EPICORE (P.W.F.W.), Emory University School of Medicine, and the Atlanta VAMC Epidemiology and Genetics Section, Atlanta, Ga; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (C.J.O.D.); National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute’s Framingham Heart Study (M.P., R.D.A., C.J.O.D.), Framingham Mass; Department of Mathematics (M.P., R.D.A.), Boston University, Boston, Mass; Tufts USDA Nutrition Center (P.J., J.S.), Boston, Mass.
ORCID: Wilson, Peter W.F.
Pencina, Michael
Jacques, Paul
Selhub, Jacob
Venue: Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2008-11
Volume: 1
Issue: 2
Pages: 92-97
ISSN: 1941-7705 (ISSN-L)
1941-7713
DOI: 10.1161/circoutcomes.108.831198
PMC: PMC3033831
OpenAlex: W2144684988
Cited by: 299
References: 38
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 36
FWCI: 29.86
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: Circulation Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: School of Medicine, Boston University
Centre International de Recherche sur le Cancer
National Institutes of Health (n01hc25195-41-0-1)
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL073272, N01‐HC25195, N01-HC-025195)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Inflammatory Biomarkers in Disease Prognosis
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
Keywords: C-reactive protein, cardiovascular risk reclassification, coronary artery disease, cardiovascular disease, intermediate cardiovascular risk, homocysteine, risk prediction, net reclassification improvement
MeSH terms: Adult, C-Reactive Protein, Coronary Disease, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Homocysteine, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Biomarkers, Prevalence, Risk Assessment

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

C-Reactive Protein and Reclassification of Cardiovascular Risk in the Framingham Heart Study

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks