The DOI matches its Crossref record; 40 of the 40 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
C-Reactive Protein and the 10-Year Incidence of Coronary Heart Disease in Older Men and Women: The Cardiovascular Health Study
Abstract
Background— High C-reactive protein (CRP) is associated with increased coronary heart disease risk. Few long-term data in the elderly are available. Methods and Results— Baseline CRP was measured in 3971 men and women ≥65 years of age without prior vascular diseases; 26% had elevated concentrations (>3 mg/L). With 10 years of follow-up, 547 participants developed coronary heart disease (CHD; defined as myocardial infarction or coronary death). With elevated CRP, the 10-year cumulative CHD incidences were 33% in men and 17% in women. The age-, ethnicity-, and sex-adjusted relative risk of CHD for CRP >3 mg/L compared with <1 mg/L was 1.82 (95% CI, 1.46 to 2.28). Adjusting for conventional risk factors reduced the relative risk to 1.45 (95% CI, 1.14 to 1.86). The population-attributable risk of CHD for elevated CRP was 11%. Risk relationships did not differ in subgroups defined by baseline risk factors. We assessed whether CRP improved prediction by the Framingham Risk Score. Among men with a 10-year Framingham-predicted risk of 10% to 20%, the observed CHD incidence was 32% for elevated CRP. Among women, CRP discriminated best among those with a 10-year predicted risk >20%; the incidences were 31% and 10% for elevated and normal CRP levels, respectively. Conclusions— In older men and women, elevated CRP was associated with increased 10-year risk of CHD, regardless of the presence or absence of cardiac risk factors. A single CRP measurement provided information beyond conventional risk assessment, especially in intermediate-Framingham-risk men and high-Framingham-risk women.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“longitudinal studies demonstrate that high blood levels of pro-inflammatory markers, including high-sensitivity CRP assay and IL-6, predict the risk of cardiovascular disease in both middle-aged and older adults, independent of other CVD risk factors”
From Inflammageing: chronic inflammation in ageing, cardiovascular disease, and frailty (2018) · cites this paper as [159]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Prediction of coronary heart disease using risk factor categories
Wilson, P. W. F., D’Agostino, R. B., Levy, D., Belanger, A. M., Silbershatz, H., & Kannel, W. B. (1998) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.97.18.1837 · Cited by 9,581
Pearson, T. A., Mensah, G. A., Alexander, R. W., Anderson, J. L., Cannon, R. O., Criqui, M., Fadl, Y. Y., Fortmann, S. P., Hong, Y., Myers, G. L., et al. (2003) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000052939.59093.45 · Cited by 6,401
Self-citationRidker, P. M., Hennekens, C. H., Buring, J. E., & Rifai, N. (2000) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm200003233421202 · Cited by 5,850
The Cardiovascular Health Study: design and rationale.
Fried, L. P., Borhani, N. O., Enright, P., Furberg, C. D., Gardin, J. M., Kronmal, R. A., Kuller, L. H., Manolio, T. A., Mittelmark, M. B., Newman, A., et al. (1991) · Annals of Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/1047-2797(91)90005-w · Cited by 3,652
Self-citationRidker, P. M., Rifai, N., Rose, L., Buring, J. E., & Cook, N. R. (2002) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa021993 · Cited by 3,604
Danesh, J., Wheeler, J. G., Hirschfield, G. M., Eda, S., Eiriksdottir, G., Rumley, A., Lowe, G. D. O., Pepys, M. B., & Gudnason, V. (2004) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa032804 · Cited by 2,953
Associations of elevated interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein levels with mortality in the elderly
Harris, T. B., Ferrucci, L., Tracy, R. P., Corti, M. C., Wacholder, S., Ettinger, W. H., Heimovitz, H., Cohen, H. J., & Wallace, R. (1999) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0002-9343(99)00066-2 · Cited by 1,488
Self-citationRidker, P. M., Glynn, R. J., & Hennekens, C. H. (1998) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.97.20.2007 · Cited by 1,012
Inflammatory Markers and Onset of Cardiovascular Events: Results From the Health ABC Study
Cesari, M., Penninx, B. W. J. H., Newman, A. B., Kritchevsky, S. B., Nicklas, B. J., Sutton-Tyrrell, K., Rubin, S. M., Ding, J., Simonsick, E. M., Harris, T. B., et al. (2003) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000097109.90783.fc · Cited by 978
Tracy, R. P., Lemaitre, R. N., Psaty, B. M., Ives, D. G., Evans, R. W., Cushman, M., Meilahn, E. N., & Kuller, L. H. (1997) · Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/01.atv.17.6.1121 · Cited by 836
Self-citation
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Inflammageing: chronic inflammation in ageing, cardiovascular disease, and frailty
Ferrucci, L., & Fabbri, E. (2018) · Nature Reviews Cardiology · doi:10.1038/s41569-018-0064-2 · Cited by 3,690
Fowkes, F. G. R., Murray, G. D., Butcher, I., Heald, C. L., Lee, R. J., Chambless, L. E., Folsom, A. R., Hirsch, A. T., Dramaix, M., DeBacker, G., et al. (2008) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.300.2.197 · Cited by 1,870
Self-citationMultiple Biomarkers for the Prediction of First Major Cardiovascular Events and Death
Wang, T. J., Gona, P. N., Larson, M. G., Tofler, G. H., Levy, D. A., Newton‐Cheh, C., Jacques, P. F., Rifai, N., Selhub, J., Robins, S. J., et al. (2006) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa055373 · Cited by 1,337
Obesity, inflammation, and atherosclerosis
Rocha, V. Z., & Libby, P. (2009) · Nature Reviews Cardiology · doi:10.1038/nrcardio.2009.55 · Cited by 994
Inflammatory markers in population studies of aging
Singh, T., & Newman, A. B. (2010) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2010.11.002 · Cited by 866
Metadata
- Authors
- Cushman, M., Arnold, A. M., Psaty, B. M., Manolio, T. A., Kuller, L. H., Burke, G. L., Polak, J. F., & Tracy, R. P.
- Affiliations
- University of Vermont (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Circulation
- Published
- 2005-07-05
- Volume
- 112
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 25-31
- ISSN
- 0009-7322 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4539
- OpenAlex
- W2063058274
- Cited by
- 368
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 34.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Circulation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (n01hc085079-024, n01hc015103-009, 5k08hl003618-05, n01hc085086-022, n01hc035129-010, N01HC85086, N01HC85079, N01HC-35129)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL046696, N01HC15103, HL03618, N01 HC85086, HL46696, HL-8329, N01-HC85079, N01HC35129)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Inflammatory Biomarkers in Disease Prognosis
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
- Keywords
- C-reactive protein, coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, coronary death, older adults, cardiovascular risk prediction, Framingham risk score, population attributable risk, sex differences
- MeSH terms
- Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, C-Reactive Protein, Coronary Disease, Female, Humans, Inflammation, Male, Myocardial Infarction, Predictive Value of Tests, Risk Factors, Biomarkers, Incidence
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
