CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 118Cardiovascular Health and Disease PreventionBlood Pressure and Hypertension StudiesCardiac Imaging and Diagnostics

Blood Pressure and Vascular Calcification

Open access
Jensky, Nicole E., Criqui, Michael H., Wright, Michael C., Wassel, Christina L., Brody, Steven A., Allison, Matthew A.·2010·Hypertension
DOI 10.1161/hypertensionaha.109.147520PMC PMC2842577
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the associations between the presence and extent of calcified atherosclerosis in multiple vascular beds and systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, mean arterial pressure, isolated systolic hypertension, and hypertension. A total of 9510 patients (42.5% women) underwent electron beam computed tomography scanning as part of a routine health maintenance screening. At the same visit, blood pressure was measured with the participant in the seated position using a mercury sphygmomanometer. Mean age was 58±11.4 years, and body mass index was 27.1±4.5. The prevalences of any calcification in the carotids, coronaries, subclavians, thoracic aorta, abdominal aorta, and iliacs were 31.9%, 57.2%, 31.7%, 37.0%, 54.3%, and 48.8%, respectively. In separate multivariable logistic models containing traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors, pulse pressure and systolic blood pressure were significantly associated with the presence of calcification in all of the vascular beds except the iliacs and subclavians, respectively, with pulse pressure having stronger magnitudes of the associations for most of the vascular beds. Age-stratified analyses indicated that these associations were stronger in those >60 years of age compared with subjects <60 years of age, and sex-stratified analyses demonstrated that men had a greater association compared with women. Also, the magnitudes of the associations for isolated systolic hypertension were, in general, larger than those for hypertension. Pulse pressure and isolated systolic hypertension are robust and important correlates for calcified atherosclerosis in different vascular beds. Isolated systolic hypertension may be clinically relevant in diagnosing or preventing calcified atherosclerosis.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1161/hypertensionaha.109.147520

Cites

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

The citation lists haven’t been fetched yet

References 29 · Cited by 118

Research works printed but not linked: 28

  1. [1]Collins R Peto R MacMahon S Hebert P Fiebach NH Eberlein KA Godwin J Qizilbash N Taylor JO Hennekens CH Blood pressure, stroke, and coronary heart disease. Part 2, Short-term reductions in blood pressure: overview of randomised drug trials in their epidemiological context Lancet 1990 335 827 838 1969567
  2. [2]McEniery CM McDonnell BJ So A Aitken S Bolton CE Munnery M Hickson SS Yasmin Maki-Petaja KM Cockcroft JR Dixon AK Wilkinson IB Aortic calcification is associated with aortic stiffness and isolated systolic hypertension in healthy individuals Hypertension 2009 53 524 531 19171791
  3. [3]Vasan RS Pathogenesis of elevated peripheral pulse pressure: some reflections and thinking forward Hypertension 2008 51 33 36 18071060
  4. [4]Glynn RJ L'Italien GJ Sesso HD Jackson EA Buring JE Development of predictive models for long-term cardiovascular risk associated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure Hypertension 2002 39 105 110 11799087
  5. [5]Troxclair D Boudreau DA Malcom GT Pedersen HS Mulvad G Newmann WP 3rd Middaugh JP Arterial calcification as a marker for atherosclerosis in three Arctic populations Int J Circumpolar Health 1998 57 Suppl 1 306 311 10093295
  6. [7]Greenland P Bonow RO Brundage BH Budoff MJ Eisenberg MJ Grundy SM Lauer MS Post WS Raggi P Redberg RF Rodgers GP Shaw LJ Taylor AJ Weintraub WS Harrington RA Abrams J Anderson JL Bates ER Grines CL Hlatky MA Lichtenberg RC Lindner JR Pohost GM Schofield RS Shubrooks SJ Jr Stein JH Tracy CM Vogel RA Wesley DJ ACCF/AHA 2007 clinical expert consensus document on coronary artery calcium scoring by computed tomography in global cardiovascular risk assessment and in evaluation of patients with chest pain: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation Clinical Expert Consensus Task Force (ACCF/AHA Writing Committee to Update the 2000 Expert Consensus Document on Electron Beam Computed Tomography) Circulation 2007 115 402 426 17220398
  7. [8]Iribarren C Sidney S Sternfeld B Browner WS Calcification of the aortic arch: risk factors and association with coronary heart disease, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease JAMA 2000 283 2810 2815 10838649
  8. [9]Allison MA Criqui MH Wright CM Patterns and risk factors for systemic calcified atherosclerosis Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2004 24 331 336 14656730
  9. [10]Agatston AS Janowitz WR Hildner FJ Zusmer NR Viamonte M Jr Detrano R Quantification of coronary artery calcium using ultrafast computed tomography J Am Coll Cardiol 1990 15 827 832 2407762
  10. [11]Allison MA Manson JE Langer RD Aragaki A Smoller S Lewis CE Thomas A Lawson W Cochrane BB Hsia J Hunt JR Robinson J Association between different measures of blood pressure and coronary artery calcium in postmenopausal women Hypertension 2008 52 833 840 18794404
  11. [12]Kuller LH Matthews KA Edmundowicz D Chang Y Incident coronary artery calcium among postmenopausal women Atherosclerosis 2008 200 278 285 18289547 PMC2577772
  12. [13]Bielak LF Turner ST Franklin SS Sheedy PF 2nd Peyser PA Age-dependent associations between blood pressure and coronary artery calcification in asymptomatic adults J Hypertens 2004 22 719 725 15126913
  13. [14]Miura K Dyer AR Greenland P Daviglus ML Hill M Liu K Garside DB Stamler J Pulse pressure compared with other blood pressure indexes in the prediction of 25-year cardiovascular and all-cause mortality rates: The Chicago Heart Association Detection Project in Industry Study Hypertension 2001 38 232 237 11509482
  14. [15]Franklin SS Gustin Wt Wong ND Larson MG Weber MA Kannel WB Levy D The Framingham Heart Study Circulation 1997 96 308 315 9236450
  15. [16]Miwa Y Tsushima M Arima H Kawano Y Sasaguri T Pulse pressure is an independent predictor for the progression of aortic wall calcification in patients with controlled hyperlipidemia Hypertension 2004 43 536 540 14757775
  16. [17]Guray Y Guray U Altay H Cay S Yilmaz MB Kisacik HL Korkmaz S Aortic pulse pressure and aortic pulsatility are associated with angiographic coronary artery disease in women Blood Press 2005 14 293 297 16257875
  17. [18]Safar ME Jankowski P Central blood pressure and hypertension: role in cardiovascular risk assessment Clin Sci (Lond) 2009 116 273 282 19138169
  18. [19]Frost ML Grella R Millasseau SC Jiang BY Hampson G Fogelman I Chowienczyk PJ Relationship of calcification of atherosclerotic plaque and arterial stiffness to bone mineral density and osteoprotegerin in postmenopausal women referred for osteoporosis screening Calcif Tissue Int 2008 83 112 120 18612580
  19. [20]Safar ME Pulse pressure, arterial stiffness and wave reflections (augmentation index) as cardiovascular risk factors in hypertension Ther Adv Cardiovasc Dis 2008 2 13 24 19124404
  20. [21]Nichols WW Nicolini FA Pepine CJ Determinants of isolated systolic hypertension in the elderly J Hypertens Suppl 1992 10 S73 S77 1432333
  21. [22]Psaty BM Furberg CD Kuller LH Borhani NO Rautaharju PM O'Leary DH Bild DE Robbins J Fried LP Reid C Isolated systolic hypertension and subclinical cardiovascular disease in the elderly. Initial findings from the Cardiovascular Health Study JAMA\ 1992 268 1287 1291 1387172
  22. [23]Yasmin McEniery CM Wallace S Dakham Z Pulsalkar P Maki-Petaja K Ashby MJ Cockcroft JR Wilkinson IB Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), MMP-2, and serum elastase activity are associated with systolic hypertension and arterial stiffness Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2005 25 372 15556929
  23. [24]McEniery CM McDonnell BJ So A Aitken S Bolton CE Munnery M Hickson SS Yasmin Maki-Petaja KM Cockcroft JR Dixon AK Wilkinson IB Aortic Calcification Is Associated With Aortic Stiffness and Isolated Systolic Hypertension in Healthy Individuals Hypertension 2009 53 150 157 19171791
  24. [25]Niederhoffer N Lartaud-Idjouadiene I Giummelly P Duvivier C Peslin R Atkinson J Calcification of medial elastic fibers and aortic elasticity Hypertension 1997 29 999 1006 9095090
  25. [26]D'Agostino RB Sr Grundy S Sullivan LM Wilson P Validation of the Framingham coronary heart disease prediction scores: results of a multiple ethnic groups investigation JAMA 2001 286 180 187 11448281
  26. [27]Stary HC The development of calcium deposits in atherosclerotic lesions and their persistence after lipid regression Am J Cardiol 2001 88 16E 19E 11473739
  27. [28]Doherty TM Fitzpatrick LA Shaheen A Rajavashisth TB Detrano RC Genetic determinants of arterial calcification associated with atherosclerosis Mayo Clin Proc 2004 79 197 210 14959915
  28. [29]Ix JH Katz R Kestenbaum B Fried LF Kramer H Stehman-Breen C Shlipak MG Association of mild to moderate kidney dysfunction and coronary calcification J Am Soc Nephrol 2008 19 579 585 18235089 PMC2391051

Authors
Jensky, N. E., Criqui, M. H., Wright, M. C., Wassel, C. L., Brody, S. A., & Allison, M. A.
Affiliations
University of California San Diego (US)
ORCID
Venue
Hypertension
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
2010-04
Volume
55
Issue
4
Pages
990-997
ISSN
  • 0194-911X (ISSN-L)
  • 1524-4563
DOI
10.1161/hypertensionaha.109.147520
PMC
PMC2842577
OpenAlex
W2136049243
Cited by
118
References
29
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 5
FWCI
5.49
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Hypertension (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (T32HL079891)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Cardiac Imaging and Diagnostics
Keywords
vascular calcification, blood pressure, pulse pressure, isolated systolic hypertension, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, carotid artery calcification, coronary artery calcification, aortic calcification, thoracic aorta, abdominal aorta, cardiovascular risk factors, sex differences, age differences
MeSH terms
Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Blood Pressure, Calcinosis, Female, Humans, Hypertension, Male, Middle Aged, Population Surveillance, Surveys and Questionnaires, Radiography, Regression Analysis, Vascular Diseases, Prevalence, Chi-Square Distribution, Atherosclerosis

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review