The DOI matches its Crossref record; 14 of the 14 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Deriving Greenberg's Universal 20 and Its Exceptions
Open accessAbstract
Of the 24 mathematically possible orders of the four elements demonstrative, numeral, adjective, and noun, only 14 appear to be attested in the languages of the world. Some of these are unexpected under Greenberg's Universal 20. Here it is proposed that the actually attested orders, and none of the unattested ones, are derivable from a single, universal, order of Merge (Dem > Num > Adj > N) and from independent conditions on phrasal movement.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Chomsky, N. (2014) · The MIT Press eBooks · doi:10.7551/mitpress/9780262527347.001.0001 · Cited by 8,244
Minimalist inquiries : the framework
Chomsky, N. (1998) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 4,214
Kayne, R. S. (1994) · Cited by 3,104
Some Universals of Grammar with Particular Reference to the Order of Meaningful Elements
Greenberg, J. H. (1963) · Americanae (AECID Library) · Cited by 3,065
Language typology and syntactic description
Koptjevskaja-Tamm, M., & Liljegren, H. (2013) · Linguistic Typology · doi:10.1515/lity-2013-0004 · Cited by 1,244
Potter, S., & Greenberg, J. H. (1964) · The Modern Language Review · doi:10.2307/3721182 · Cited by 847
Hawkins, J. A. (1983) · Cited by 448
Rijkhoff, J. (2002) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198237822.001.0001 · Cited by 373
Handbook of Australian Languages: Volume 2
(1981) · John Benjamins Publishing Company eBooks · doi:10.1075/z.hal2 · Cited by 324
Lynch, J. D., Ross, M. D., & Crowley, T. (2001) · Americanae (AECID Library) · Cited by 281
Cited by
The Now-or-Never bottleneck: A fundamental constraint on language
Christiansen, M. H., & Chater, N. (2016) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x1500031x · Cited by 733
Cross-Linguistic Variation and Efficiency
Hawkins, J. A. (2014) · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199664993.001.0001 · Cited by 405
Metadata
- Authors
- Cinque, G.
- Venue
- Linguistic Inquiry
- Publisher
- MIT Press - Journals
- Published
- 2005-07
- Volume
- 36
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 315-332
- ISSN
- 0024-3892 (ISSN-L)
- 1530-9150
- OpenAlex
- W2138905080
- Cited by
- 1,018
- References
- 14
- FWCI
- 174.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Deriving Greenberg's Universal 20 and Its Exceptions. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1162/0024389054396917
- The paper
- Cinque, G. (2005). Deriving Greenberg's Universal 20 and Its Exceptions. Linguistic Inquiry. https://doi.org/10.1162/0024389054396917
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.