The DOI matches its Crossref record; 22 of the 23 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Are Ghettos Good or Bad?
Abstract
Spatial separation of racial and ethnic groups may theoretically have positive or negative effects on the economic performance of those groups. We examine the effects of segregation on outcomes for blacks in schooling, employment, and single parenthood. We find that blacks in more segregated areas have significantly worse outcomes than blacks in less segregated areas. We control for the endogeneity of location choice using instruments based on political factors, topographical features, and residence before adulthood. A one standard deviation decrease in segregation would eliminate one-third of the black-white differences in most of our outcomes.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“ending racial residential segregation would completely eliminate racial differences, among young adults, in income, education, and unemployment and reduce gaps in single motherhood by two-thirds [36].”
From Reducing Racial Inequities in Health: Using What We Already Know to Take Action (2019) · cites this paper as [36]
Citations
Cites
The Quarterly Journal of Economics
Kuznets, S. (2024) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781003549741-8 · Cited by 7,177
EQUALITY OF EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITY
Coleman, J. S. (1968) · Equity & Excellence in Education · doi:10.1080/0020486680060504 · Cited by 6,567
American Apartheid: Segregation and the Making of the Underclass.
Fernandez, R. M., Massey, D. S., & Denton, N. A. (1993) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2074502 · Cited by 6,191
Noble, C. (1988) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.2307/1961794 · Cited by 6,176
Moffitt, R. (2009) · American Economic Review · doi:10.1257/aer.99.2.660 · Cited by 4,888
Housing Segregation, Negro Employment, and Metropolitan Decentralization
Kain, J. F. (1968) · The Quarterly Journal of Economics · doi:10.2307/1885893 · Cited by 2,133
Glaeser, E. L., Sacerdote, B., & Scheinkman, J. A. (1996) · The Quarterly Journal of Economics · doi:10.2307/2946686 · Cited by 1,787
Self-citationGlazer, N., & Moynihan, D. P. (1963) · Cited by 970
Lazear, E. P. (1995) · Journal of Political Economy · doi:10.1086/250105 · Cited by 923
Workings of a City: Location, Education, and Production
Bénabou, R. (1991) · The Quarterly Journal of Economics · doi:10.2307/2118403 · Cited by 788
Ethnicity, Neighborhoods, and Human-Capital Externalities
Borjas, G. J., & Chiswick, B. R. (2019) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198788072.003.0012 · Cited by 636
The Spatial Mismatch Hypothesis: What Has the Evidence Shown?
Holzer, H. J. (1991) · Urban Studies · doi:10.1080/00420989120080071 · Cited by 593
Urban Industrial Transition and the Underclass
Kasarda, J. D. (1989) · The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science · doi:10.1177/0002716289501001002 · Cited by 548
Terrible Honesty: Mongrel Manhattan in the 1920s
Shiffman, D., & Douglas, A. (1996) · Rocky Mountain Review of Language and Literature · doi:10.2307/1348238 · Cited by 453
Job Accessibility and Racial Differences in Youth Employment Rates
Ihlanfeldt, K. R., & Sjoquist, D. L. (1990) · American Economic Review · Cited by 264
Journal of Urban Economics 62 (1) (2007)
Rosenthal, S. S., & Strange, W. C. (2007) · Journal of Urban Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jue.2007.05.001 · Cited by 264
The Spatial Mismatch Hypothesis: Are There Teenage Jobs Missing in the Ghetto?
Ellwood, D. T. (1983) · National Bureau of Economic Research · doi:10.3386/w1188 · Cited by 195
Demographic Characteristics and the Public Bundle
Cutler, D., Elmendorf, D. W., & Zeckhauser, R. (1993) · National Bureau of Economic Research · doi:10.3386/w4283 · Cited by 142
Self-citationResidential segregation and interracial economic disparities: A simultaneous-equations approach
Galster, G. (1987) · Journal of Urban Economics · doi:10.1016/0094-1190(87)90020-9 · Cited by 102
Teenage Employment and the Spatial Isolation of Minority and Poverty Households
O’Regan, K. M., & Quigley, J. M. (1996) · The Journal of Human Resources · doi:10.2307/146272 · Cited by 76
The Rise and Decline of the American Ghetto
Cutler, D., Glaeser, E. L., & Vigdor, J. L. (1997) · Journal of Political Economy · doi:10.1086/250069 · Cited by 75
Self-citationSpatial Effects Upon Employment Outcomes: The Case of New Jersey TeenagersPreprint
O’Regan, K. M., & Quigley, J. M. (1998) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.97788 · Cited by 71
Research works printed but not linked: 12
- Case A., 1991, NBER Working Paper No., 3705
- Cutler D., 1995, NBER Working Paper No., 5163
- Galster G., 1987, Journal of Urban Economics, 21
- Handlin, O., The Uprooted (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1959).
- Hoxby C. M., 1994, NBER Working Paper No., 4979
- Ihlanfeldt K., 1990, American Economic Review, 267
- Jencks, C., and S. Meyer, "Residential Segregation, Job Proximity, and Black Job Opportunities," L. Lynn and M. McGreary, eds., Inner-City Poverty in the United States (Washington, DC: National Academic Press, 1990).
- 1992, Housing Policy Debate, 371
- O'Regan K., 1996, New England Economic Review, May/June (, 41
- Schauffler, M. "The Suburbs of Cleveland: A Field Study of the Metropolitan District outside the Administrative Area of the City," Ph.D. thesis, University of Chicago, 1941.
- Wilson, W., The Truly Disadvantaged: The Inner City, the Underclass, and Public Policy (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1987).
- Wirth, L., The Ghetto (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1956).
Cited by
Sorted by citations
(2001) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 27,577
Racial Residential Segregation: A Fundamental Cause of Racial Disparities in Health
Williams, D. R., & Collins, C. (2001) · Public Health Reports · doi:10.1093/phr/116.5.404 · Cited by 3,153
Where is the land of Opportunity? The Geography of Intergenerational Mobility in the United States *
Chetty, R., Hendren, N., Kline, P., & Saez, E. (2014) · The Quarterly Journal of Economics · doi:10.1093/qje/qju022 · Cited by 2,922
Racism and health: evidence and needed research
Williams, D. R., Lawrence, J. A., & Davis, B. A. (2019) · Annual Review of Public Health · doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-040218-043750 · Cited by 2,398
Alesina, A., & La Ferrara, E. (2002) · Journal of Public Economics · doi:10.1016/s0047-2727(01)00084-6 · Cited by 2,329
Metadata
- Authors
- Cutler, D. M., & Glaeser, E. L.
- Affiliations
- National Bureau of Economic Research (US)
- Venue
- The Quarterly Journal of Economics
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1997-08-01
- Volume
- 112
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 827-872
- ISSN
- 0033-5533 (ISSN-L)
- 1531-4650
- OpenAlex
- W2157800636
- Cited by
- 1,241
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 39 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 40 · 2021: 62 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 42 · 2018: 51 · 2017: 47 · 2016: 44 · 2015: 63 · 2014: 46 · 2013: 54 · 2012: 78
- FWCI
- 73.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Quarterly Journal of Economics (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Urban, Neighborhood, and Segregation Studies
- Social Sciences › Education › School Choice and Performance
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies
- Keywords
- racial segregation, ghettos, black-white segregation, educational attainment, employment, single parenthood
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review