The DOI matches its Crossref record; 65 of the 65 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
How Large are the Effects from Changes in Family Environment? A Study of Korean American Adoptees
Abstract
I analyze a new set of data on Korean American adoptees who were quasi-randomly assigned to adoptive families. I find large effects on adoptees' education, income, and health from assignment to parents with more education and from assignment to smaller families. Parental education and family size are significantly more correlated with adoptee outcomes than are parental income or neighborhood characteristics. Outcomes such as drinking, smoking, and the selectivity of college attended are more determined by nurture than is educational attainment. Using the standard behavioral genetics variance decomposition, I find that shared family environment explains 14 percent of the variation in educational attainment, 35 percent ofthe variation in college selectivity, and 33 percent of the variation in drinking behavior.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Journal of personality and social psychology
Armstrong, J. S. (1988) · International Journal of Forecasting · doi:10.1016/0169-2070(88)90126-4 · Cited by 10,485
The Quarterly Journal of Economics
Kuznets, S. (2024) · Business Cycle Theory, Part I Volume 4 · doi:10.4324/9781003549741-8 · Cited by 7,176
Moffitt, R. A. (2009) · American Economic Review · doi:10.1257/aer.99.2.660 · Cited by 4,694
(1904) · The American Journal of Psychology · doi:10.2307/1412635 · Cited by 4,187
The Bell Curve: Intelligence and Class Structure in American Life.
Preston, S. H., Herrnstein, R. J., & Murray, C. (1995) · Population and Development Review · doi:10.2307/2137757 · Cited by 3,998
Inequality: A Reassessment of the Effect of Family and Schooling in America
Buckles, S. G., & Jencks, C. (1973) · The Journal of Economic Education · doi:10.2307/1182840 · Cited by 2,359
International Journal of Obesity
(2019) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/41366.1476-5497 · Cited by 2,078
Inheritance of Alcohol Abuse: Cross-Fostering Analysis of Adopted Men
Cloninger, C. R. (1981) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1981.01780330019001 · Cited by 1,873
Peer Effects with Random Assignment: Results for Dartmouth Roommates
Sacerdote, B. (2001) · The Quarterly Journal of Economics · doi:10.1162/00335530151144131 · Cited by 1,797
Self-citationSdol, E. (2009) · Cited by 1,396
Cited by
Recent Developments in Intergenerational Mobility
Black, S. E., & Devereux, P. J. (2011) · Handbook of Labor Economics · doi:10.1016/s0169-7218(11)02414-2 · Cited by 1,163
The Causal Effect of Parents' Schooling on Children's Schooling: A Comparison of Estimation Methods
Holmlund, H., Lindahl, M., & Plug, E. (2011) · Journal of Economic Literature · doi:10.1257/jel.49.3.615 · Cited by 521
Akee, R. K. Q., Copeland, W. E., Keeler, G., Angold, A., & Costello, E. J. (2010) · American Economic Journal: Applied Economics · doi:10.1257/app.2.1.86 · Cited by 419
Nature or nurture: What determines investor behavior?☆
Barnea, A., Cronqvist, H., & Siegel, S. (2010) · Journal of Financial Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jfineco.2010.08.001 · Cited by 303
Cesarini, D., Lindqvist, E., Östling, R., & Wallace, B. (2016) · The Quarterly Journal of Economics · doi:10.1093/qje/qjw001 · Cited by 294
Metadata
- Authors
- Sacerdote, B.
- Venue
- The Quarterly Journal of Economics
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2007-02-01
- Volume
- 122
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 119-157
- ISSN
- 0033-5533 (ISSN-L)
- 1531-4650
- OpenAlex
- W2066997027
- Cited by
- 301
- References
- 65
- FWCI
- 38.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: How Large are the Effects from Changes in Family Environment? A Study of Korean American Adoptees. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1162/qjec.122.1.119
- The paper
- Sacerdote, B. (2007). How Large are the Effects from Changes in Family Environment? A Study of Korean American Adoptees. The Quarterly Journal of Economics. https://doi.org/10.1162/qjec.122.1.119
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
