Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 1,137

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Risk Factors for Central and Obstructive Sleep Apnea in 450 Men And Women with Congestive Heart Failure

SIN, DON D., FITZGERALD, FABIA, PARKER, JOHN D., NEWTON, GARY, FLORAS, JOHN S., BRADLEY, T. DOUGLAS·1999·American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

Abstract

In previous analyses of the occurrence of central (CSA) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF), only men were studied and risk factors for these disorders were not well characterized. We therefore analyzed risk factors for CSA and OSA in 450 consecutive patients with CHF (382 male, 68 female) referred to our sleep laboratory. Risk factors for CSA were male gender (odds ratio [OR] 3.50; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.39 to 8.84), atrial fibrillation (OR 4.13; 95% CI 1.53 to 11. 14), age > 60 yr (OR 2.37; 95% CI 1.35 to 4.15), and hypocapnia (PCO(2 )< 38 mm Hg during wakefulness) (OR 4.33; 95% CI 2.50 to 7. 52). Risk factors for OSA differed by gender: in men, only body mass index (BMI) was significantly associated with OSA (OR for a BMI > 35 kg/m(2), 6.10; 95% CI 2.86 to 13.00); whereas, in women, age was the only important risk factor (OR for age > 60 yr, 6.04; 95% CI 1.75 to 20.0). We conclude that historical information, supplemented by a few simple laboratory tests may enable physicians to risk stratify CHF patients for the presence of CSA or OSA, and the need for diagnostic polysomnography for such patients. Sin DD, Fitzgerald F, Parker JD, Newton G, Floras JS, Bradley TD. Risk factors for central and obstructive sleep apnea in 450 men and women with congestive heart failure.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1164/ajrccm.160.4.9903020

Cites

3 of 3 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 3 references

Cited by

See all 1,137

Metadata

Authors
SIN, D. D., FITZGERALD, F., PARKER, J. D., NEWTON, G., FLORAS, J. S., & BRADLEY, T. D.
Venue
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
Published
1999-10-01
Volume
160
Issue
4
Pages
1101-1106
ISSN
  • 1073-449X (ISSN-L)
  • 1535-4970
OpenAlex
W1982298767
Cited by
1,137
References
3
FWCI
3.98
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Risk Factors for Central and Obstructive Sleep Apnea in 450 Men And Women with Congestive Heart Failure. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1164/ajrccm.160.4.9903020
The paper
SIN, D. D., FITZGERALD, F., PARKER, J. D., NEWTON, G., FLORAS, J. S., & BRADLEY, T. D. (1999). Risk Factors for Central and Obstructive Sleep Apnea in 450 Men And Women with Congestive Heart Failure. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm.160.4.9903020

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.