Pancreatic gastrin stimulates islet differentiation of transforming growth factor alpha-induced ductular precursor cells.
Open accessAbstract
Gastrin is transiently expressed in fetal islets during a critical period of their development from protodifferentiated islet precursors in fetal pancreatic ducts. To examine the possible role of gastrin as an islet cell growth factor, postnatal islet growth was studied in transgenic mice which overexpress gastrin and TGF alpha in their pancreas. Overexpression of a TGF alpha transgene causes metaplastic ductules containing numerous insulin expressing cells that resemble protodifferentiated precursors of the fetal pancreas. However, islet mass of the TGF alpha transgenic mice was not increased. Pancreatic overexpression of gastrin from a chimeric insulin/gastrin transgene transcribed from the insulin promoter markedly decreased the TGF alpha-stimulated increase in pancreatic duct mass. Furthermore, pancreatic coexpression of both gastrin and TGF alpha significantly increased islet mass in mice expressing both transgenes. These findings indicate that TGF alpha and gastrin can act synergistically to stimulate islet growth, although neither peptide alone is sufficient. Islet growth may possibly be stimulated through gastrin promoting the differentiation of insulin-positive cells in the TGF alpha-induced metaplastic ducts. This transgenic study suggests that islet neogenesis can be reactivated in the ductular epithelium of the adult pancreas by local expression of two growth factors, gastrin and TGF alpha.
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Gastrin acts as an islet growth factor, together with TGF-α, by promoting differentiation of ductular precursor cells and β-cell neogenesis and enhancing islet mass from transdifferentiated exocrine pancreatic tissue.
“Gastrin, which is secreted from G-cells in the stomach and duodenum, acts as an islet growth factor, together with transforming growth factor-α, by promoting differentiation of ductular precursor cells233 and β-cell neogenesis as well as by enhancing the islet mass from transdifferentiated exocrine pancreatic tissue.234”
From Pancreatic regulation of glucose homeostasis. (2016) · cites this paper as [233]
The Discussion reports that gastrin increased islet mass in mice with TGF-α-induced ductular cells. It proposes that differentiation of those cells may explain the increase, but does not establish that mechanism; the citing sentence presents it as fact. The later claims about β-cell neogenesis and transdifferentiated exocrine tissue are attached to citation 234, not this source. (LLM, conf=0.87)
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References 35 · Cited by 270
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Sternberger, L. A. 1979. Immunocytochemistry. Wiley Liss, Inc., New York. 104-170.
- Authors
- Wang, T. C., Bonner-Weir, S., Oates, P. S., Chulak, M., Simon, B., Merlino, G. T., Schmidt, E. V., & Brand, S. J.
- Affiliations
- Massachusetts General Hospital (US)
- Joslin Diabetes Center (US)
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Investigation
- Published
- 1993-09-01
- Volume
- 92
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 1349-1356
- ISSN
- 0021-9738 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC288276
- OpenAlex
- W2133522211
- Cited by
- 270
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 10.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Investigation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (1k08dk001937-01, 5r01dk042147-03, DK 44523)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK 42147, DK 44523, R01DK044523, DK01937)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Diabetes and associated disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Keywords
- gastrin, transforming growth factor-alpha, pancreatic islet differentiation, islet neogenesis, insulin-positive cells, islet growth, transgenic mice, pancreatic duct
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cell Differentiation, Gastrins, Insulin, Islets of Langerhans, Mice, Transgenic, RNA, Messenger, Gene Expression, Transforming Growth Factor alpha, Mice
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