The DOI matches its Crossref record; 59 of the 59 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Computing and Partitioning Cloud Feedbacks Using Cloud Property Histograms. Part II: Attribution to Changes in Cloud Amount, Altitude, and Optical Depth
Abstract
Cloud radiative kernels and histograms of cloud fraction, both as functions of cloud-top pressure and optical depth, are used to quantify cloud amount, altitude, and optical depth feedbacks. The analysis is applied to doubled-CO 2 simulations from 11 global climate models in the Cloud Feedback Model Intercomparison Project. Global, annual, and ensemble mean longwave (LW) and shortwave (SW) cloud feedbacks are positive, with the latter nearly twice as large as the former. The robust increase in cloud-top altitude in both the tropics and extratropics is the dominant contributor to the positive LW cloud feedback. The negative impact of reductions in cloud amount offsets more than half of the positive impact of rising clouds on LW cloud feedback, but the magnitude of compensation varies considerably across the models. In contrast, robust reductions in cloud amount make a large and virtually unopposed positive contribution to SW cloud feedback, though the intermodel spread is greater than for any other individual feedback component. Overall reductions in cloud amount have twice as large an impact on SW fluxes as on LW fluxes, such that the net cloud amount feedback is moderately positive, with no models exhibiting a negative value. As a consequence of large but partially offsetting effects of cloud amount reductions on LW and SW feedbacks, both the mean and intermodel spread in net cloud amount feedback are smaller than those of the net cloud altitude feedback. Finally, the study finds that the large negative cloud feedback at high latitudes results from robust increases in cloud optical depth, not from increases in total cloud amount as is commonly assumed.
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Cites
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Cited by
An Assessment of Earth's Climate Sensitivity Using Multiple Lines of Evidence
Sherwood, S. C., Webb, M. J., Annan, J. D., Armour, K. C., Forster, P. M., Hargreaves, J. C., Hegerl, G., Klein, S. A., Marvel, K. D., Rohling, E. J., et al. (2020) · Reviews of Geophysics · doi:10.1029/2019rg000678 · Cited by 1,254
Self-citationCloud feedback mechanisms and their representation in global climate models
Ceppi, P., Brient, F., Zelinka, M. D., & Hartmann, D. L. (2017) · WIREs Climate Change · doi:10.1002/wcc.465 · Cited by 430
Self-citationConnections Between Clouds, Radiation, and Midlatitude Dynamics: a Review
Ceppi, P., & Hartmann, D. L. (2015) · Current Climate Change Reports · doi:10.1007/s40641-015-0010-x · Cited by 384
Self-citationThe influence of cloud feedbacks on equatorial Atlantic variability.
Bellomo, K., Clement, A. C., Mauritsen, T., Rädel, G., & Stevens, B. (2015) · Journal of Climate · doi:10.1175/jcli-d-14-00495.1 · Cited by 50
Metadata
- Authors
- Zelinka, M. D., Klein, S. A., & Hartmann, D. L.
- Venue
- Journal of Climate
- Publisher
- American Meteorological Society
- Published
- 2012-06
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 3736-3754
- ISSN
- 0894-8755 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-0442
- OpenAlex
- W2069558052
- Cited by
- 287
- References
- 59
- FWCI
- 9.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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