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Objective assessment of peritraumatic dissociation: psychophysiological indicators

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Michael G. Griffin, Patricia A. Resick, Mindy B. Mechanic·1997·American Journal of Psychiatry

DOI 10.1176/ajp.154.8.1081PMC PMC2958429

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were to investigate psychophysiological changes associated with peritraumatic dissociation in female victims of recent rape and to assess the relation between these changes and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). METHOD: Eighty-five rape victims were examined in a laboratory setting within 2 weeks after the rape, and measures of heart rate, skin conductance, and nonspecific movement were collected. Self-report indexes of reactions to the trauma and interviews to assess PTSD symptoms and peritraumatic dissociation were also completed. On the basis of their scores on the Peritraumatic Dissociation Index, the subjects were classified as having low or high levels of dissociation. RESULTS: Items from the index exhibited good internal consistency, and scores were approximately normally distributed. Individuals in the high peritraumatic dissociation group showed a significantly different pattern of physiological responses from those of the low dissociation group. In general, there was a suppression of autonomic physiological responses in the high dissociation group. This group also contained a larger proportion of subjects (94%) identified as meeting PTSD symptom criteria. Also, among the high dissociation subjects there was a discrepancy between self-reports of distress and objective physiological indicators of distress in the laboratory setting. CONCLUSIONS: The results provide preliminary support for the idea that there is a dissociative subtype of persons with PTSD symptoms who exhibit diminished physiological reactivity. The results also underscore the importance of assessing dissociative symptoms in trauma survivors.

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Authors: Griffin, M. G., Resick, P. A., & Mechanic, M. B.
Affiliations: University of Missouri–St. Louis (US)
ORCID: Michael G. Griffin
Patricia A. Resick
Mindy B. Mechanic
Venue: American Journal of Psychiatry
Publisher: American Psychiatric Association Publishing
Published: 1997-08-01
Volume: 154
Issue: 8
Pages: 1081-1088
ISSN: 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
1535-7228
DOI: 10.1176/ajp.154.8.1081
PMC: PMC2958429
OpenAlex: W2108477383
Cited by: 347
References: 27
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 17
FWCI: 9.49
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: American Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH046992, MH46992)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
Keywords: peritraumatic dissociation, post-traumatic stress disorder, rape victims, psychophysiological indicators, heart rate, skin conductance, dissociative subtype of PTSD
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Dissociative Disorders, Female, Galvanic Skin Response, Heart Rate, Humans, Life Change Events, Middle Aged, Personality Inventory, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Surveys and Questionnaires, Rape, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Reproducibility of Results

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Objective assessment of peritraumatic dissociation: psychophysiological indicators

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