The DOI matches its Crossref record; 50 of the 50 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Smallest Detectable Difference in Outcome Variables Related to Painful Restriction of the Temporomandibular Joint
Abstract
The smallest detectable difference is the smallest statistically significant change in measurement results. In the field of temporomandibular disorders, the smallest detectable difference is not a commonly used concept. Most outcome studies are based on comparisons of group means, although this does not provide information about individual changes or about the clinical relevance thereof. The smallest detectable difference for maximal mouth opening was calculated from previously published reliability coefficients and the standard deviations of different samples of healthy subjects and patients with complaints of the temporomandibular joint. The smallest detectable difference of pain intensity measured with different visual analogue scales was calculated from the reliability coefficients and standard deviations of a heterogeneous group of pain patients. The smallest detectable difference of function impairment was calculated for a group of patients with complaints of the temporomandibular joint. For maximal mouth opening in healthy subjects, the smallest detectable difference was 5 mm. Repeated measurements improved it to 3 mm. The smallest detectable difference on a visual analogue scale was 28 mm for actual pain intensity and 22 mm for minimal pain as well as for maximal pain intensity. For total function impairment of patients with complaints of the temporomandibular joint, the smallest detectable difference was 8 units on a 0 to 68 scale.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“The smallest detectable difference of maximal mouth opening in healthy people has been reported to be 5 mm”
From Effectiveness of Manual Therapy and Therapeutic Exercise for Temporomandibular Disorders: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2016) · cites this paper as [35]
In the citing paper
“indicating that an important change of at least 5 mm can be considered clinically relevant.35”
From Effectiveness of Manual Therapy and Therapeutic Exercise for Temporomandibular Disorders: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2016) · cites this paper as [35]
In the citing paper
“which was clinically significant in favor of postural training.35”
From Effectiveness of Manual Therapy and Therapeutic Exercise for Temporomandibular Disorders: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2016) · cites this paper as [35]
In the citing paper
“which is considered clinically relevant.35”
From Effectiveness of Manual Therapy and Therapeutic Exercise for Temporomandibular Disorders: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2016) · cites this paper as [35]
In the citing paper
“This difference was clinically relevant.35”
From Effectiveness of Manual Therapy and Therapeutic Exercise for Temporomandibular Disorders: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2016) · cites this paper as [35]
Citations
Cites
STATISTICAL METHODS FOR ASSESSING AGREEMENT BETWEEN TWO METHODS OF CLINICAL MEASUREMENT
Martin Bland, J., & Altman, D. (1986) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(86)90837-8 · Cited by 47,965
Intraclass correlations: Uses in assessing rater reliability.
Shrout, P. E., & Fleiss, J. L. (1979) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.86.2.420 · Cited by 24,532
The McGill Pain Questionnaire: Major properties and scoring methods
Melzack, R. (1975) · Pain · doi:10.1016/0304-3959(75)90044-5 · Cited by 6,873
The validation of visual analogue scales as ratio scale measures for chronic and experimental pain
Price, D. D., McGrath, P. A., Rafii, A., & Buckingham, B. (1983) · Pain · doi:10.1016/0304-3959(83)90126-4 · Cited by 3,921
The measurement of clinical pain intensity: a comparison of six methods
Jensen, M. P., Karoly, P., & Braver, S. (1986) · Pain · doi:10.1016/0304-3959(86)90228-9 · Cited by 3,275
Classification of chronic pain
Merskey, H. (1994) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 2,952
Graphic representation of pain
Scott, J., & Huskisson, E. C. (1976) · Pain · doi:10.1016/0304-3959(76)90113-5 · Cited by 2,706
Clinical applications of visual analogue scales: a critical review
McCormack, H. M., Horne, D. J. D. L., & Sheather, S. J. (1988) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291700009934 · Cited by 2,108
Measuring change over time: assessing the usefulness of evaluative instruments.
Guyatt, G., Walter, S. D., & Norman, G. (1987) · Journal of Chronic Diseases · doi:10.1016/0021-9681(87)90069-5 · Cited by 1,997
The Dependability of Behavioral Measurements: Theory of Generalizability for Scores and Profiles
Merrifield, P. R., Cronbach, L. J., Gleser, G. C., Nanda, H., & Rajaratnam, N. (1974) · American Educational Research Journal · doi:10.2307/1162145 · Cited by 1,819
Research works printed but not linked: 8
- Carlsson GE, 1980, Swed Dent J, 4, 187
- Kopp S., 1983, Swed Dent J, 7, 239
- 10.1037/0022-006X.59.5.745 · DOI
- Stegenga B., 1993, J Orofac Pain, 7, 183
- Vallerand WP, 1991, J Craniomandib Disord, 5, 197
- van der Kloot WA, 1995, Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd, 139, 669
- Veldhuijzen NH, 1993, Klassieke testtheorie en generaliseerbaarheidstheorie
- Wood GD, 1979, J Oral Surgery, 37, 175
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–125 of 125
A multilevel perspective of patients and general practitioners
Stewart, R. E. (2009) · University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) · Cited by 2
Self-citationReliability of mandibular range of motion measurements in healthy children
de Sonnaville, W. F. C., Steenks, M. H., Verkouteren, D. R. C., Zuithoff, N. P. A., Wulffraat, N. M., Rosenberg, A. J. W. P., & Speksnijder, C. M. (2024) · Journal of Oral Rehabilitation · doi:10.1111/joor.13782 · Cited by 1
The Development and Reliability of an Updated Dance-Specific Star Excursion Balance Test Protocol
Beckman, S., & Brouner, J. (2024) · Journal of Dance Medicine & Science · doi:10.1177/1089313x241265237 · Cited by 1
Mishra, A. K., Skubic, M., Willis, B. W., Guess, T. M., Gray, A. D., & Sherman, S. L. (2018) · International Conference on Pervasive Computing Technologies for Healthcare · doi:10.1145/3240925.3240971 · Cited by 1
Schneider, J., & DeBeliso, M. (2021) · International Journal of Sports Science · Cited by 1
Albarova‐Corral, I., Alonso-Ezpeleta, Ó., Poc-Sola, S., Cardiel-Sánchez, S., Carrasco‐Uribarren, A., & Malo-Urriés, M. (2023) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app13095246 · Cited by 1
Salt, E., Sawer, L., & Dickenson, A. J. (2022) · Open Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation · doi:10.4236/ojtr.2022.102007 · Cited by 1
The relationship between lower limb biomechanical variables during common screening tasks
Alenezi, F. (2016) · Cited by 1
Tharmo, K. (2022) · Preprints.org · doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0219.v1
Rehabilitación integral en pacientes con disfunción de la articulación temporomandibular
Fernández‐de‐las‐Peñas, C. (2004) · Rehabilitación · doi:10.1016/s0048-7120(04)73471-4
Anderson, N. (2004) · Victoria University Research Repository (Victoria University)
Aasen, M. (2007) · NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives
1 Klachten in het hoofd-halsgebied: hoe kies ik het optimale meetinstrument?
Swinkels, R. A. H. M. (2012) · Bohn Stafleu van Loghum eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-90-313-8756-4_1
Treatment prostheses in TMJ dysfunction-pain syndrome
Jamdade, A., Rani, A., Behera, S. S. P., Sharma, D. K., Manik, A., & Singla, D. (2022) · International Journal of Health Sciences · doi:10.53730/ijhs.v6ns2.8935
Altunkılıç, T., Arı, B., Yetiş, M., Kılıçaslan, N., & İnceoğlu, F. (2022) · Journal of Surgery and Medicine · doi:10.28982/josam.1120336
Sheeha, B. H. B., Nasser, A. B., Williams, A. P., Granat, M. H., Johnson, D. S., Althomali, O. W., Alkhamees, N. H., Ibrahim, Z. M., & Jones, R. K. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm13216479
Búrgos-Mansilla, B., Schneeberger-Hitschfeld, P., Astete-Barra, K., Méndez-Rojas, A., & Ortiz-Comino, L. (2025) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2024-097131
Changes in Sprinting and Landing Mechanics Across 120 minutes of Soccer-specific Exercise
Field, A., Fischer, A., Read, D. B., Sanderson, A. J. R., Graham‐Smith, P., Birdsey, L. P., Harper, L. D., Bramah, C., Page, R. M., & Dos’Santos, T. (2025) · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000005314
Gabin, M. (2009) · Unitec Research Bank (Unitec Institute of Technology)
Hino, S., Hirayama, M., Amemiya, T., Fujio, M., NISHIMUTA, F., Yuasa, H., & Sukegawa, S. (2025) · Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Medicine and Pathology · doi:10.1016/j.ajoms.2025.12.023
Zaidi, S., Anjum, S., Alam, M. F., Sundus, H., & Khan, S. A. (2026) · Sport Sciences for Health · doi:10.1007/s11332-026-01755-0
于, 慧., Chen, G., Enayirilla, P., Zhang, X., Ren, Y., Xu, C., & Kuo, T. (2026) · Journal of Oral Rehabilitation · doi:10.1111/joor.70233
Reliability, Validity, and Preliminary Diagnostic Exploration of a Novel Dynamic Balance Test Tool
Zhang, B., Ma, J., & Zhang, E. (2026) · Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science · doi:10.1080/1091367x.2026.2707615
de la Barra, H. A., Acevedo, M., Figueroa, M., Fuentes, B., Hoffer, C., Loyola, P., & Liebano, R. E. (2026) · Revista Médica Clínica Las Condes · doi:10.1016/j.rmclc.2026.07.005
Metadata
- Authors
- Kropmans, T. J. B., Dijkstra, P. U., Stegenga, B., Stewart, R., & de Bont, L. G. M.
- Affiliations
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
- University Medical Center Groningen (NL)
- University of Groningen (NL)
- Venue
- Journal of Dental Research
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 1999-03
- Volume
- 78
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 784-789
- ISSN
- 0022-0345 (ISSN-L)
- 1544-0591
- OpenAlex
- W2032780306
- Cited by
- 126
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 0.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Dental Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Oral Surgery › Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Reliability and Agreement in Measurement
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
- Keywords
- minimal detectable change, temporomandibular joint pain, temporomandibular disorders, maximum mouth opening, pain intensity, visual analogue scale, measurement reliability, outcome measures, clinical relevance
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Decision Support Techniques, Facial Pain, Female, Humans, Male, Mandible, Pain Measurement, Psychometrics, Surveys and Questionnaires, Reference Values, Temporomandibular Joint Disorders, Reproducibility of Results, Range of Motion, Articular, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Evidence-Based Medicine
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
