Figures of Crisis: The Delineation of (Un)Deserving Refugees in the German Media
Open accessAbstract
This article examines how borders are discursively reproduced in representations of the ‘refugee crisis’ in the German media. Based on an extensive content and discourse analysis of German press representations in 2015 and 2016, we argue that the discourse of crisis obscures the reasons for migration and instead shifts the focus to the advantages and disadvantages that refugees are assumed to bring to their host country. More specifically, we contend that press discourses construct a figure of the (un)deserving refugee around three key themes: economic productivity; state security; and gender relations. In doing so, we illustrate how the framing of some lives as more deserving of protection than others directly mirrors and extends the humanitarian securitization of borders into public discourse.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The image of migration as a threat to Europe's economic and social order remains an essential part of journalistic representations of border crossing.
“Furthermore, the image of migration as a threat to Europe's economic and social order remains an essential part of journalistic representations of border crossing (Drüeke et al., 2021; Holzberg et al., 2018; Ibrahim and Howarth, 2016; Lünenborg and Maier, 2017).”
From Border countervisuality: smartphone videos of border crossing and migration (2023) · cites this paper as Holzberg et al., 2018
The Economy and Gender relations sections show German newspapers portraying refugees as financial burdens and as threats to the fabric of German society. The study examines German press coverage from 2015–2016, however; it does not establish that this framing remains essential across European journalism more broadly. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Framing: toward clarification of a fractured paradigm
Entman, R. M. (1993) · Journal of Communication · doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.1993.tb01304.x · Cited by 16,203 · see citing works
Terrorist Assemblages: Homonationalism in Queer Times
Puar, J. K. (2007) · doi:10.1215/9780822390442 · Cited by 3,128 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 20
- Balzacq T (2005) The three faces of securitization: Political agency, audience and context. European Journal of International Relations 11(2): 171-201.
- Bhambra G (2017) The Current Crisis of Europe: Refugees, Colonialism, and the Limits of Cosmopolitanism. European Law Journal 23 (5): 395-405. · DOI
- Castañeda C (2002) Figurations: Child, Bodies, Worlds. Durham: Duke University Press.
- Chauvin S, Garces-Mascarenas B (2014) Becoming less illegal: deservingness frames and undocumented migrant incorporation. Sociology Compass 8 (4): 422-432.
- Chouliaraki L, Georgiou M and Zaborowski R (2017) The European "migration crisis" and the media: A cross-European press content analysis. London, LSE.
- De Genova, N (2013) Spectacles of migrant 'illegality': The scene of exclusion, the obscene of inclusion. Ethnic and Racial Studies 36(7): 1180-1198.
- Dietze G (2017) Ethnosexismus: Sex-Mob-Narrative um die Kölner Silvesternacht. movements Journal for Critical Migration and Border Regime Studies 2 (1):
- Dines N, Montagna N, Ruggiero V (2015) Thinking Lampedusa: Border construction, the spectacle of bare life and the productivity of migrants. Ethnic and Racial Studies 38(3): 430- 445.
- Farris SR (2017) In the Name of Women's Rights: The Rise of Femonationalism. Durham: Duke University Press.
- Holmes SM and Castañeda H (2016) Representing the 'European refugee crisis' in Germany and beyond: Deservingness and difference, life and death. American Ethnologist 43(1): 12-24.
- Howard MM (2008) The causes and consequences of Germany's new citizenship law. German Politics 17(1): 41-62.
- Kaya A (2013) (Re)considering the last fifty years of migration and current immigration policies in Germany. German Politics and Society 31(2): 1-12.
- Korteweg AC and Yurdakul G (2014) The headscarf debates: Conflicts of national belonging. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
- Mandel R (2008) Cosmopolitan anxieties: Turkish Challenges to Citizenship and Belonging in Germany. Durham: Duke University Press.
- Hark S, Villa PI (2017) Unterscheiden und Herrschen. Bielefeld: transcript. New Keywords Collective (2016) New keywords: Migration and borders. Cultural Studies 29(1): 55-87.
- Sivanandan A (2006) Race, terror and civil society. Race and Class 47(1): 1-8.
- Tyler I (2008) "Chav mum chav scum". Feminist Media Studies 8(1): 17-34.
- Vaughan-Williams N (2015) Europe's Border Crisis: Biopolitical Security and Beyond. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Vollmer B, Karakayali S (2017) The Volatility of the Discourse on Refugees in Germany. Journal of Immigrant & Refugee Studies: 1-22.
- Bröckling U, Krasmann S, Lemke (eds) Governmentality: Current Issues and Future Challenges. London: Routledge, 138-164.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Border countervisuality: smartphone videos of border crossing and migration
Bayramoğlu, Y. (2023) · Media, Culture & Society · doi:10.1177/01634437221136013 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“Motivations for migration are rarely mentioned in such journalistic representations; instead, the subject of deliberation is the impact of migration on European economics and security (Holzberg et al., 2018: 539).”
Background
- Authors
- Holzberg, B., Kolbe, K., & Zaborowski, R.
- Affiliations
- London School of Economics and Political Science (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Kolbe, Kristina
- Venue
- Sociology
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2018-06
- Volume
- 52
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 534-550
- ISSN
- 0038-0385 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-8684
- OpenAlex
- W2793608011
- Cited by
- 145
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 4
- FWCI
- 28.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- eprints.lse.ac.uk
- Locations
- Sociology (publishedVersion)
- London School of Economics and Political Science Research Online (London School of Economics and Political Science) (submittedVersion)
- London School of Economics and Political Science Theses Online (London School of Economics and Political Science) (submittedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- London School of Economics and Political Science
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Migration, Refugees, and Integration
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Migration and Exile Studies
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Media Discourse and Social Analysis
- Keywords
- refugee crisis, deservingness, border discourse, German-language press, economic productivity, state security, gender relations, migration, 2015 refugee crisis
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review