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The Conduct of In Vitro and In Vivo Drug-Drug Interaction Studies: A PhRMA Perspective

Bjornsson, Thorir D., Callaghan, John T., Einolf, Heidi J., Fischer, Volker, Gan, Lawrence, Grimm, Scott, Kao, John, King, S. P., Miwa, Gerald, Ni, Lan, Kumar, Gondi, McLeod, James, Obach, Scott R., Roberts, Stanley, Roe, Amy, Shah, Anita, Snikeris, Fred, Sullivan, John T., Tweedie, Donald, Vega, Jose M., Walsh, John, Wrighton, Steven A.·2003·Journal of Clinical Pharmacology

Abstract

Current regulatory guidances do not address specific study designs for in vitro and in vivo drug-drug interaction studies. There is a common desire by regulatory authorities and by industry sponsors to harmonize approaches to allow for a better assessment of the significance of findings across different studies and drugs. There is also a growing consensus for the standardization of cytochrome P450 (CYP) probe substrates, inhibitors, and inducers and for the development of classification systems to improve the communication of risk to health care providers and patients. While existing guidances cover mainly CYP-mediated drug interactions, the importance of other mechanisms, such as transporters, has been recognized more recently and should also be addressed. This paper was prepared by the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA) Drug Metabolism and Clinical Pharmacology Technical Working Groups and represents the current industry position. The intent is to define a minimal best practice for in vitro and in vivo pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction studies targeted to development (not discovery support) and to define a data package that can be expected by regulatory agencies in compound registration dossiers.

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Metadata

Authors
Bjornsson, T. D., Callaghan, J. T., Einolf, H. J., Fischer, V., Gan, L., Grimm, S., Kao, J., King, S. P., Miwa, G., Ni, L., Kumar, G., McLeod, J., Obach, S. R., Roberts, S., Roe, A., Shah, A., Snikeris, F., Sullivan, J. T., Tweedie, D., Vega, J. M., Walsh, J., & Wrighton, S. A.
Venue
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2003-05-01
Volume
43
Issue
5
Pages
443-469
ISSN
  • 0021-9754 (ISSN-L)
  • 0000-0000
  • 0091-2700
OpenAlex
W2165886950
Cited by
315
References
0
FWCI
14.33
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The Conduct of In Vitro and In Vivo Drug-Drug Interaction Studies: A PhRMA Perspective. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1177/0091270003043005001
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Bjornsson, T. D., Callaghan, J. T., Einolf, H. J., Fischer, V., Gan, L., Grimm, S., Kao, J., King, S. P., Miwa, G., Ni, L., Kumar, G., McLeod, J., Obach, S. R., Roberts, S., Roe, A., Shah, A., Snikeris, F., Sullivan, J. T., Tweedie, D., . . . Wrighton, S. A. (2003). The Conduct of In Vitro and In Vivo Drug-Drug Interaction Studies: A PhRMA Perspective. Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. https://doi.org/10.1177/0091270003043005001

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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.