Long‐Term Body Composition Changes in Women Following Roux‐en‐Y Gastric Bypass Surgery
Open accessAbstract
Background: Although most individuals experience successful weight loss following Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass (RYGB), weight regain is a concern, the composition of which is not well documented. Our aim was to evaluate changes in body composition and handgrip strength as a measure of functional status in participants from a previous 1‐year post‐RYGB longitudinal study who had undergone RYGB approximately 9 years prior. Methods: Five women from an original larger cohort were monitored pre‐RYGB and 1.5 months, 6 months, 1 year, and 9 years post‐RYGB. Body composition was assessed at all time points using dual energy x‐ray absorptiometry and multiple dilution. Handgrip strength was measured using a digital isokinetic hand dynamometer (Takei Scientific Instruments, Ltd, Tokyo, Japan). Results: Mean time to final follow‐up was 8.7 years. Lean soft tissue (LST) loss over the ~9‐year period was on average 11.9 ± 5.6 kg. Compared with 1‐year post‐RYGB, 9‐year LST was 4.4 ± 3.0 kg lower (P = .03). Fat‐free mass decreased over the 9‐year period by 12.6 ± 5.8 kg. Mean fat mass (FM) decreased from 75.4 ± 22.6 kg pre‐RYGB to 35.5 ± 21.5 kg 1 year post‐RYGB but then trended toward an increase of 8.6 ± 7.0 kg between 1 year and 9 years post‐RYGB (P = .053). Loss of LST was correlated with loss of handgrip strength (r = 0.64, P = .0005). Conclusion: The continued loss of lean mass associated with decreased handgrip strength occurring with long‐term trend toward FM regain post‐RYGB is concerning. The loss of LST and functional strength carries particular implications for the aging bariatric population and should be investigated further.
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Bariatric surgery leads to fat mass loss, alters gut hormones, and can exacerbate weight loss-induced sarcopenia and osteoporosis.
“Bariatric surgery leads to loss of fat mass394, alters gut hormones395 and can exacerbate weight loss-induced sarcopenia396–398 and osteoporosis399–402.”
From Sarcopenic obesity in older adults: aetiology, epidemiology and treatment strategies (2018) · cites this paper as [394]
This source is cited for the sarcopenia portion of the sentence, not the separately cited claims about fat mass, gut hormones, or osteoporosis. The Results and Conclusions (pages unavailable) report continued lean-tissue loss and reduced handgrip strength after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in five women. They do not establish that bariatric surgery generally exacerbates diagnosed, weight-loss-induced sarcopenia. (LLM, conf=0.82)
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References 43 · Cited by 32
- Authors
- Cole, A. J., Kuchnia, A. J., Beckman, L. M., Jahansouz, C., Mager, J. R., Sibley, S. D., & Earthman, C. P.
- Affiliations
- University of Minnesota (US)
- Swedish Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Earthman, Carrie P.
- Venue
- Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2016-02-02
- Volume
- 41
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 583-591
- ISSN
- 0148-6071 (ISSN-L)
- 1941-2444
- PMC
- PMC5539958
- OpenAlex
- W2338683824
- Cited by
- 32
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 1.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (DK50456, M01‐RR00400, M01-RR00400)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (8 ULI TR000114‐02, 8 ULI TR000114-02)
- National Center for Research Resources (1UL1RR033183)
- Rhoads Research Foundation of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
- Center for Translational Science Activities Grant (ULI-RR24150)
- Midwest Dairy Association
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Bariatric Surgery and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Body Contouring and Surgery
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Body Composition Measurement Techniques
- Keywords
- Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, body composition, weight regain, fat-free mass, fat mass, grip strength, functional strength, bariatric surgery, women, long-term follow-up
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Blood Glucose, Body Composition, Energy Metabolism, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Japan, Longitudinal Studies, Middle Aged, Obesity, Morbid, Gastric Bypass, Weight Loss, Absorptiometry, Photon, Body Mass Index, Hand Strength
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