Loneliness in the Daily Lives of Adolescents: An Experience Sampling Study Examining the Effects of Social Contexts
Open accessAbstract
The main aim of the present study was to examine state levels of loneliness in adolescence. Both concurrent associations and temporal dynamics between social contexts and state levels of loneliness were examined. Data were collected from 286 adolescents ( M age = 14.19 years, 59% girls) by using the Experience Sampling Method. Results showed that adolescents had higher levels of state loneliness when they were alone, compared with being with company. When adolescents were with others, they were most lonely at school and with classmates. Adolescents showed a relief effect when they entered the company of friends after being alone, whereas a spillover effect of solitude was found when adolescents entered the company of family after being alone. Our findings show the dynamics of state loneliness, in that being with classmates increases state loneliness, whereas being with friends reduces loneliness after being alone.
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The final sample consisted of 63 adolescents, a 42% consent rate.
“The final sample consisted of 63 adolescents (i.e., 42% consent rate, which is comparable to other ESM studies among adolescents; see, for instance35, 36).”
From The effect of social media on well-being differs from adolescent to adolescent (2020) · cites this paper as [35]
There is evidence that adolescents feel lonelier when spending time with family after being alone, but less lonely when with friends.
“there is evidence that adolescents feel lonelier when spending time with family after being alone, but less lonely if with friends (van Roekel et al., 2015)”
From Loneliness, social relationships, and mental health in adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic (2021) · cites this paper as van Roekel et al., 2015
Previous research has found a relationship between social contact and loneliness, with adolescents experiencing higher state loneliness when alone than when with others.
“Previous research has found a relationship between social contact and loneliness; for example, adolescents experience higher state loneliness when alone than when with others (van Roekel et al., 2015; van Roekel et al., 2018).”
From Loneliness, social relationships, and mental health in adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic (2021) · cites this paper as van Roekel et al., 2015
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References 31 · Cited by 73
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- Larson, R. W., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1980). The significance of time alone in adolescent development. Journal of Current Adolescent Medicine, 46, 677-693.
- Laursen, B. (1993). The perceived impact of conflict on adolescent relationships. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 39, 535-550.
- Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. O. (1998-2007). Mplus user's guide (5th ed.). Los Angeles, CA: Author.
- Perlman, D., & Peplau, L. A. (1981). Toward a social psychology of loneliness. In R. Gillmour & S. Duck (Eds.), Personal relationships 3: Personal relationships in disorder (pp. 31-56). London, England: Academic Press.
- Authors
- van Roekel, E., Scholte, R. H. J., Engels, R. C. M. E., Goossens, L., & Verhagen, M.
- Affiliations
- Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Trimbos Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Radboud University Nijmegen (NL)
- KU Leuven (BE)
- Venue
- The Journal of Early Adolescence
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2014-09-24
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 905-930
- ISSN
- 0272-4316 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-5449
- OpenAlex
- W1970724403
- Cited by
- 73
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 2.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- lirias.kuleuven.be
- Locations
- The Journal of Early Adolescence (publishedVersion)
- Lirias (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
- Keywords
- loneliness, state loneliness, adolescents, social environment, solitude, spillover effects, relief effects, schools, classmates, friends, family, everyday life
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