Cited by 228Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesEvolutionary Psychology and Human BehaviorChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development

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Anxiety: An Evolutionary Approach

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Bateson, Melissa, Brilot, Ben, Nettle, Daniel·2011·The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry

DOI 10.1177/070674371105601202

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Abstract

Anxiety disorders are among the most common mental illnesses, with huge attendant suffering. Current treatments are not universally effective, suggesting that a deeper understanding of the causes of anxiety is needed. To understand anxiety disorders better, it is first necessary to understand the normal anxiety response. This entails considering its evolutionary function as well as the mechanisms underlying it. We argue that the function of the human anxiety response, and homologues in other species, is to prepare the individual to detect and deal with threats. We use a signal detection framework to show that the threshold for expressing the anxiety response ought to vary with the probability of threats occurring, and the individual's vulnerability to them if they do occur. These predictions are consistent with major patterns in the epidemiology of anxiety. Implications for research and treatment are discussed.

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Authors: Bateson, M., Brilot, B., & Nettle, D.
Affiliations: Reader in Ethology, Newcastle University, Newcastle, England
Newcastle University (GB)
ORCID: Brilot, Ben
Nettle, Daniel
Venue: The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 2011-12
Volume: 56
Issue: 12
Pages: 707-715
ISSN: 0706-7437 (ISSN-L)
1497-0015
DOI: 10.1177/070674371105601202
OpenAlex: W2107561257
Cited by: 228
References: 71
Citations by year: 2026: 17 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 5
FWCI: 0.87
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
hdl.handle.net
Licence: journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations: The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PEARL (University of Plymouth) (submittedVersion)
Newcastle University ePrints (Newcastle Univesity)
Funders: Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/E012000/1)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
Keywords: anxiety, evolutionary psychology, anxiety disorders, threat detection, signal detection theory, threat probability, animal models of anxiety
MeSH terms: Anxiety Disorders, Biological Evolution, Humans, Psychological Theory, Signal Detection, Psychological

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Anxiety: An Evolutionary Approach

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