A Social Feedback Loop for Speech Development and Its Reduction in Autism
Open accessAbstract
We analyzed the microstructure of child-adult interaction during naturalistic, daylong, automatically labeled audio recordings (13,836 hr total) of children (8- to 48-month-olds) with and without autism. We found that an adult was more likely to respond when the child’s vocalization was speech related rather than not speech related. In turn, a child’s vocalization was more likely to be speech related if the child’s previous speech-related vocalization had received an immediate adult response rather than no response. Taken together, these results are consistent with the idea that there is a social feedback loop between child and caregiver that promotes speech development. Although this feedback loop applies in both typical development and autism, children with autism produced proportionally fewer speech-related vocalizations, and the responses they received were less contingent on whether their vocalizations were speech related. We argue that such differences will diminish the strength of the social feedback loop and have cascading effects on speech development over time. Differences related to socioeconomic status are also reported.
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Experience with prototypical IDS prosody and vocal affect elicits greater responsiveness from the infant and fosters a positive interactive loop of social interaction between mother and child, which scaffolds infant vocal communication and supports healthy brain development.
“Thus, experience with prototypical IDS prosody and vocal affect not only elicits greater responsiveness from the infant [13], but also fosters a positive interactive loop of social interaction between mother and child [2,6,14] which in turn scaffolds infant vocal communication [15–18], and supports healthy brain development.”
From Effect of maternal depression on infant-directed speech to prelinguistic infants: Implications for language development (2020) · cites this paper as [17]
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References 50 · Cited by 388
- Authors
- Warlaumont, A. S., Richards, J. A., Gilkerson, J., & Oller, D. K.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Merced (US)
- LENA Research Foundation, Boulder, Colorado
- University of Colorado Boulder (US)
- Konrad Lorenz Institute for Evolution and Cognition Research (AT)
- Venue
- Psychological Science
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2014-05-19
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1314-1324
- ISSN
- 0956-7976 (ISSN-L)
- 1467-9280
- PMC
- PMC4237681
- OpenAlex
- W2162994165
- Cited by
- 388
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 30 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 37 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 45 · 2021: 32 · 2020: 58 · 2019: 32 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 3
- FWCI
- 45.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Psychological Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (R01DC011027)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Language Development and Disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Child and Animal Learning Development
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, speech development, adult-child interaction, caregiver responsiveness, early childhood, socioeconomic status
- MeSH terms
- Autistic Disorder, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Infant, Interpersonal Relations, Language Development, Male, Reward, Social Class, Speech, Feedback, Psychological
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